rule of the british raj Flashcards
what was the ratio of british ‘leaders’ to indians
1:100,000
what did the secretary of state do
a man who stayed in england
responsible for foreign affairs
rep the crown
member of cabinet and advised by the india council
who was the viceroy
supreme in india
rep the monarch
appointed by pm and accountable by secretary of state
had lots of power
what was the indian civil service
comprised of british elite at the top and educated indians at the bottom
it was a government to run india
indians were only 5% by 1913
how were local councils used
as and ear on the ground
they had little real power
local officials were granted more power
how were the indian army useful
they were supported by the british army and were the real force for power
what were were princely states
states not ruled by british but princess
what percentage of the population did princely states make up and how many were there
around 1/5 approx 562
what was the relationship between the british and princely states
the princely states mainly remained loyal even during the rebellion
how were rulers of the princely states rewarded
they would receive supportive education and training
the star of india award
what allowed the princely states little authority and what was the rule
treaty with the british allowed them to have their own language, laws, ministers ect
BUT they couldn’t do anything against the british raj
how did the number of british troops in the british indian army change post indian rebellion
went from 40,000 to 70,000
senior roles were british
how were regiments in the british indian army set up for the indians
they were mixed caste/ religion to stop rebellion
how many miles or railway were built for the british indian army
3000 for swifter responses and military reasons
how were indian soldiers viewed and what confirmed this
they were seen as more expendable
music hall song
what was the main economic value of india
trade
what did india trade
spices tea silk jute opium coffee
what percentage of imports came from britain to india
by 1913 60%
what else did india give britan economicly
jobs in administration
land owners rented out properties
what was the strategic value of india
protection of trade routes from pirates
protection of suez canal
what were the first indian nationalists like
educated upper class from urban areas
when and why was the indian national congress created
1885
to call for a fair share in the governing process
how were newspapers used for nationalists
to foster mass support
what difficulties were there in the nationalist movement
religious differences
what were the social benefits of the british raj for india
mary carpenter established schools for girls and trained female teachers
A fee-paying education system was introduced. 60,000 graduated university 1857-87 with many going on to work for the British government
what were the social drawbacks of the british raj for india
the education system encouraged english language values and customs
what were the economic benefits of the british raj for india
provided jobs
railway built (2 miles a day)
New methods of land irrigation
trade
what were the economic drawbacks of the british raj for india
Famine, illiteracy and widespread poverty still persisted Some factories were built but the main focus was on foodstuffs for the British market (Tea plantations increased from just 1 in 1851 to 295 by 1871)
The British encouraged the Indians to buy British manufactured goods which discouraged development of Indian industries such as the cotton industry
what were the political benefits of the british raj for india
A complex independent judicial system was introduced to protect liberties with expensive lawyers
Indian nobles were granted land, titles, medals and high positions in the government to win their loyalty
what were the political drawbacks of the british raj for india
Whilst Indians were allowed to take minor roles in the civil service the British retained ultimate political and military control over India
The caste system was encouraged to politically divide the Indian people and discourage rebellion
