Rubins Neoplasia

Question 1

Work through inactivation of tumor suppressor proteins

Answer 1

HPV and pathogenesis of neoplasia

Question 2

Reduced in most carcinomas

Answer 2

Expression of E-cadherin

Question 3

Describes frond-like structures

Answer 3

Papillomatosis

Question 4

Signifies a soft cellular tumor

Answer 4

Medullary

Question 5

Implies dense fibrous stroma

Answer 5

Desmoplastic

Question 6

Secrete abundant mucus

Answer 6

Colloid carcinomas

Question 7

Intraductal neoplasm in which necrotic material can be expressed from the ducts

Answer 7

Comedocarcinoma

Question 8

Cancers may produce remote effects

-secretion of coricotropin by a tumor leads to clinical features of cushing syndrome including hyperglycemia and HTN

Answer 8

Paraneoplastic syndrome

Question 9

Expressed by carcinomas

Answer 9

Cytokertins

Question 10

Marker for yolk sac carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma

Answer 10

a-fetoprotein

Question 11

Marker for mesothelioma

Answer 11

Calretinin

Question 12

Marker for colon carcinoma

Answer 12

Carcinoembryonic antigen

Question 13

Marker for neuroendocrine tumors–small cell carcinoma of the lungs

Answer 13

Synaptophysin

Question 14

Tumor suppressor proteins involved in checkpoint functions related to progression of the cell cycle into S phase
–also promote DNA repair by binding to RAD51

Answer 14

BRCA 1 and 2

Question 15

Increased risk of transitional cel carcinoma of the urinary bladder

Answer 15

Aniline dye exposure

Question 16

Increased expression of proteins that degrade BM–Urokinase-type plasminogen activator–degrades laminin and activates type 4 procollagenase
Matrix metalloproteinase

Answer 16

Metastatic potential enhancement

Question 17

Most common neoplasm associated with AIDS–Neoplastic cells contain sequences of a novel virus–HHV-8–interfere with p53 and pRb tumor suppressor pathways

Answer 17

Kaposi sarcoma

Question 18

Ectopic islands of normal tissue

Answer 18

Choristomas

Question 19

Localized, disordered differentiation during development

Answer 19

Hamartoma

Question 20

Paraneoplastic syndrome
small cell carcinoma
neuroendocrine granules

Answer 20

Small cell carcinoma of lung

Question 21

Chromosomal translocation–BCL-2 gene brought under transcriptional control of the immunoglobin light chain gene promotor—overexpression of BCL-2–antiapoptotic properties

Answer 21

B-cell lymphomas

Question 22

Suggests metastatic cancer

Secretions of tumor cells–such as mucin/serous fluid–expected in the pancreas

Answer 22

Metastatic cancer with canon ball lesions in the liver or lung

Question 23

Cutaneous disorder marked by hyperkeratosis and pigmentation of the axilla/neck/flexures/anogenital region

more than 1/2 of pts have cancer–most of them are stomach

Answer 23

Acanthosis nigricans

Question 24

marker seen with Adenocarcinomas of the colon–also pancreatic/lung/ovary

Answer 24

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)

Question 25

Expressed by neuroendocrine tumors

Answer 25

Chromogranin

Question 26

Epigenetic change | p53 gene hypermethylation

Answer 26

DNA methylation

Question 27

Autosomal recessive dz increase sensitivity to sunlight--high incidence of skin cancers---basal cell carcinoma/squamous cell carcinoma/malignant melanoma

Answer 27

Xeroderma pigmentosum

Question 28

Inherited predispostion to develop cancers in many organs due to germ line mutations of p53

Answer 28

Li-Fraumeni syndrome

Question 29

Protooncogene activation causing up regulation of n-myc--gene amplification

Answer 29

Neuroblastoma

Question 30

B-cell tumor--neoplastic lymphocytes invariably contain EBV in their DNA and manifest EBV-related antigens

Answer 30

Burkitt lymphoma and EBV

Question 31

Systemic paraneoplastic Dz caused by release of hormones from neuroendocrine granules into venous blood Flushing/bronchial wheezing/watery diarrhea and abdominal colic located in the submucosa of the intestines--appendix/terminal ileum/rectum

Answer 31

Carcinoid syndrome

Question 32

Most common benign tumor of the uterus--usually arising in women of reproductive age Originates from smooth muscle cells of the myometrium

Answer 32

Leimyoma

Question 33

c-abl protooncogene on chrom 9 translocated to chrom 22 c-abl and bcd come together and cause oncogene

Answer 33

Philadelphia chromosome and CML

Question 34

Markers for malignant melanoma

Answer 34

HMB-45 and S-100

Question 35

Malignant ocular tumors of young children inactivation of Rb allele by deletion/mutation--loss of its suppressor function leads to neoplasm--loss of heterozygosity

Answer 35

Retinoblastoma