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U9 Path > Rubins Neoplasia > Flashcards

Rubins Neoplasia Flashcards

1
Q

Work through inactivation of tumor suppressor proteins

A

HPV and pathogenesis of neoplasia

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2
Q

Reduced in most carcinomas

A

Expression of E-cadherin

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3
Q

Describes frond-like structures

A

Papillomatosis

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4
Q

Signifies a soft cellular tumor

A

Medullary

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5
Q

Implies dense fibrous stroma

A

Desmoplastic

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6
Q

Secrete abundant mucus

A

Colloid carcinomas

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7
Q

Intraductal neoplasm in which necrotic material can be expressed from the ducts

A

Comedocarcinoma

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8
Q

Cancers may produce remote effects

-secretion of coricotropin by a tumor leads to clinical features of cushing syndrome including hyperglycemia and HTN

A

Paraneoplastic syndrome

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9
Q

Expressed by carcinomas

A

Cytokertins

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10
Q

Marker for yolk sac carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma

A

a-fetoprotein

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11
Q

Marker for mesothelioma

A

Calretinin

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12
Q

Marker for colon carcinoma

A

Carcinoembryonic antigen

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13
Q

Marker for neuroendocrine tumors–small cell carcinoma of the lungs

A

Synaptophysin

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14
Q

Tumor suppressor proteins involved in checkpoint functions related to progression of the cell cycle into S phase
–also promote DNA repair by binding to RAD51

A

BRCA 1 and 2

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15
Q

Increased risk of transitional cel carcinoma of the urinary bladder

A

Aniline dye exposure

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16
Q

Increased expression of proteins that degrade BM–Urokinase-type plasminogen activator–degrades laminin and activates type 4 procollagenase
Matrix metalloproteinase

A

Metastatic potential enhancement

17
Q

Most common neoplasm associated with AIDS–Neoplastic cells contain sequences of a novel virus–HHV-8–interfere with p53 and pRb tumor suppressor pathways

A

Kaposi sarcoma

18
Q

Ectopic islands of normal tissue

A

Choristomas

19
Q

Localized, disordered differentiation during development

A

Hamartoma

20
Q

Paraneoplastic syndrome
small cell carcinoma
neuroendocrine granules

A

Small cell carcinoma of lung

21
Q

Chromosomal translocation–BCL-2 gene brought under transcriptional control of the immunoglobin light chain gene promotor—overexpression of BCL-2–antiapoptotic properties

A

B-cell lymphomas

22
Q

Suggests metastatic cancer

Secretions of tumor cells–such as mucin/serous fluid–expected in the pancreas

A

Metastatic cancer with canon ball lesions in the liver or lung

23
Q

Cutaneous disorder marked by hyperkeratosis and pigmentation of the axilla/neck/flexures/anogenital region

more than 1/2 of pts have cancer–most of them are stomach

A

Acanthosis nigricans

24
Q

marker seen with Adenocarcinomas of the colon–also pancreatic/lung/ovary

A

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)

25
Q

Expressed by neuroendocrine tumors

A

Chromogranin

26
Q

Epigenetic change

p53 gene hypermethylation

A

DNA methylation

27
Q

Autosomal recessive dz
increase sensitivity to sunlight–high incidence of skin cancers—basal cell carcinoma/squamous cell carcinoma/malignant melanoma

A

Xeroderma pigmentosum

28
Q

Inherited predispostion to develop cancers in many organs due to germ line mutations of p53

A

Li-Fraumeni syndrome

29
Q

Protooncogene activation causing up regulation of n-myc–gene amplification

A

Neuroblastoma

30
Q

B-cell tumor–neoplastic lymphocytes invariably contain EBV in their DNA and manifest EBV-related antigens

A

Burkitt lymphoma and EBV

31
Q

Systemic paraneoplastic Dz caused by release of hormones from neuroendocrine granules into venous blood

Flushing/bronchial wheezing/watery diarrhea and abdominal colic

located in the submucosa of the intestines–appendix/terminal ileum/rectum

A

Carcinoid syndrome

32
Q

Most common benign tumor of the uterus–usually arising in women of reproductive age

Originates from smooth muscle cells of the myometrium

A

Leimyoma

33
Q

c-abl protooncogene on chrom 9 translocated to chrom 22

c-abl and bcd come together and cause oncogene

A

Philadelphia chromosome and CML

34
Q

Markers for malignant melanoma

A

HMB-45 and S-100

35
Q

Malignant ocular tumors of young children
inactivation of Rb allele by deletion/mutation–loss of its suppressor function leads to neoplasm–loss of heterozygosity

A

Retinoblastoma

U9 Path (6 decks)

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