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U9 Path > Env. and nutritional dzs > Flashcards

Env. and nutritional dzs Flashcards

1
Q

Converts naphthylamine to a carcinogen that causes urinary tract cancers

A

Glucuronidation

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2
Q

Can help metabolize 2-naphthylamine which is a carcinogen that causes urinary tract cancers

A

Peroxidase-dependent cooxidation

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3
Q

Causing GI infections

A

Climate change

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4
Q

Decreased O2 sat
tissue hypoxia–lactic acidosis
cardiac/skeletal muscle breakdown–CK increase

A

CO poisoning

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5
Q

Person outside working using pesticides

A

Muscarinic effects of acute organophosphate poisoning

counteracted by Atropine

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6
Q

Immunosuppressive
Carcinogenic
Teratogenic

A

Dioxins

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7
Q

Found on moldy cereal and can cause hepatocellular carcinoma

A

Aflatoxins

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8
Q

Found on moldy grains and can induce seizure activity

A

Alkaloids

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9
Q

Increased risk for non melanoma skin cancers

A

Chronic exposure to Arsenic-containing compounds

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10
Q

Increased zinc protoporphyrin
microcytic anemia
basophilic stippling

A

Lead Poisoning

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11
Q

Toxic to developing brain

Organic compounds–bac–work its way up food chain

A

Methyl mercury

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12
Q

Can cause pulmonary interstitial fibrosis with restrictive lung dz

increased risk of malignancy

A

Asbestos fibers

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13
Q

Sarcoid like granuloma formation

A

Beryllium exposure

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14
Q

Found in tobacco smoke

key contributors to the development of lung cancer

A

Polycyclic hydrocarbons and nitrosamines

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15
Q

increased risk of thromboembolic dz and ovarian and endometrial cancers

A

Hormone replacement therapy

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16
Q

Women who smoke have increased risk of CVD and MI

A

Low estrogen containing oral contraceptives

17
Q

Neuro problems
inhibits platelet formation–suppressing Thromboxane A2–promoting bleeding
Metabolic acidosis

A

Chronic aspirin toxicity

18
Q

Opiate narcotic
CNS depressant
Respiratory depression/convlusions/cardiac arrest
Injection–endocarditis–heart murmur

A

Heroin

19
Q

Scraping injury that does not break through the skin

A

Abrasion

20
Q

causes coagulative necrosis without mechanical disruption

A

Burn injury

21
Q

Bruise with extravasation of blood into soft tissue

A

Contusion

22
Q

Break the skin or other organs in an irregular pattern

A

Laceration

23
Q

Made with a sharp instrument such as a knife–leaving clean edges

A

Incised wound

24
Q

Results from failure of the cardiovascular system to compensate for hypovolemia caused by body water depletion

A

Heat exhaustion

25
Q

Prolonged exposure to cold leads to peripheral vasoconstriction along with edema caused by increased vascular permeability

A

Hypothermia

26
Q

Body weight less than 60% of normal with muscle wasting–form of protein energy malnutrition that results from a marked decreed in total caloric intake

A

Marasmus

27
Q

Decreased protein—flacking, dipigmented skin

protein intake is reduced more than total caloric intake–body weight usually 60-80% of normal

Muscle wasting/edema/ascites

Key lab finding–hypoalbuminemia

A

Kwashirokor

28
Q

Rare disorder that causes Vit E deficiency

A

Abetalipoproteinemia

29
Q

Feature of specific deficiencies of Vit B12/folate

A

Megaloblastic anemia

30
Q

Deficiency can lead to squamous metaplasia of respiratory epithelium–predisposing to infection

ocular complications–xerophthalmia and corneal scarring

A

Vit A deficiency

31
Q

Wernicke Dz
Neuropathy
Cardiomyopathy
BeriBeri–heart failure and peripheral edema

A

Vit B1 (thiamine) deficiency

32
Q

Pellagra–dermatitis in sun-exposed areas of skin

Diarrhea/dermatitis/dementia

A

Niacin deficiency

33
Q

Fat soluble vit and requires fat absorption, which can be impaired by chronic cholestatic liver dz/ biliary dz/ pancreatic dz

A

Vit D absorption

34
Q

Uncommon but may be seen in low birth weight infants with poor hepatic function and fat malabsorption

A

Vit E deficiency

35
Q

Isoniazid therapy for TB

Neuropathy

A

Pyridoxine (B6) deficiency

Isoniazid–antagonist for B6

36
Q

Coagulation factors 2/7/9/10 require this for their production

Hemorrhagic dz of the newborn can occur in infants who lack sufficient intestinal Bac flora to produce this nutrient

A

Vit K deficiency

37
Q

Low serum ferritin and microcytic anemia

A

Iron deficiency

U9 Path (6 decks)

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