Rubins Env. and Nut path Flashcards
Compounds in cigarettes causing cancer–squamous cell carcinoma
Aromatic hydrocarbons
Increased risk for development of a pleural tumor–mesothelioma
Also increased risk of interstitial fibrosis of the lungs and pleural plaques consisting of dense CT–Ferruginous bodies on microscopy
Asbestos
GI hemorrhage
microcytic hypochromic anemia
Iron-deficiency anemia
Folic acid and VB12
Macrocytic anemia
Acute tubular necrosis of the kidney–renal failure
Ethylene glycol toxicity
Most common acquired cause of MR in US
IUGR
Facial dysmorphology
Neuro impairment
Children later–suffer from MR and minor dysmorphic features
Fetal alcohol syndrome
Microcytic hypochromic anemia
Basophilic stippling of RBCs
Lead Poisoning
Associated with the development of angiosarcoma of the liver–also seen with arsenic exposure
Occupational exposure to vinyl chloride
Neurological impairment constriction of visual fields paresthesias ataxia dysarthria hearing loss
associated with fishing
Mercury Poisoning
Exposure of extremities to severe cold results in the crystallization of tissue H2O, which causes cellular disruption and vascular changes—focal ischemia and gangrene
Frostbite
Most common cause of death in seriously burned patients
Sepsis
Unusually vigorous exercise when ambient temp is high causing lactic acidosis, hypocalcemia and rhabdomyolysis
Heat stroke
Causes: depression of bone marrow
granulocytopenia
thrombocytopenia
anemia
acute body irradiation of 300 rads
Causes destruction of tissue composed of proliferating cells–GI damage
Water loss
Bac infections
Death
Radiation dose of 1000rads
Vit C deficiency resulting in pour wound healing
- tooth loss
- gingivitis
- skin hemorrhages
- multiple infections
- poor wound healing
Scurvy
Niacin deficiency
3 Ds– dematitis/diarrhea/dementia
Pellagra
Lipid malabsorption
Osteomalacia in adults–inadequate mineralization of newly formed bone matrix–vulnerability to spontaneous fractures
Rickets in children
Vit D deficiency
Beri-beri and Wernicke-korsakoff syndrome
-alcoholics–encephalopahty and peripheral neuropathy
Vit B1–thiamine deficiency
Squamous metaplasia
Xerophthalmia–dry eye
corneal ulceration
night blindness
Vit A deficiency
Introduction of bacteria by IV drug abuse–infected emboli occlude vessels leading to gangrene and cerebral abscesses
Bacterial endocarditis caused by staphylococcus aureus
Autoimmune dz of intestine -easy fatigability -smooth sore tongue numbness and tingling of the feet weakness of legs magaloblastic anemia
Vit B12 deficiency–pernicious anemia
Syndrome that results from a deficiency of protein in a diet relatively high in carbohydrates
- EDEMA
- large fatty liver
- depigmentation of skin
Kwashiorkor
Hemorrhagic Dz of newborn
important for prothrombin and clotting factors 7/9/10
Vit K deficiency
Deficiency of all elements of the diet
- low body weight
- diminished sub q fat
- a protuberant abdomen
- muscle wasting
- wrinkled face
- NO edema
Marasmus
