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U9 Path > Rubins Env. and Nut path > Flashcards

Rubins Env. and Nut path Flashcards

1
Q

Compounds in cigarettes causing cancer–squamous cell carcinoma

A

Aromatic hydrocarbons

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2
Q

Increased risk for development of a pleural tumor–mesothelioma
Also increased risk of interstitial fibrosis of the lungs and pleural plaques consisting of dense CT–Ferruginous bodies on microscopy

A

Asbestos

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3
Q

GI hemorrhage

microcytic hypochromic anemia

A

Iron-deficiency anemia

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4
Q

Folic acid and VB12

A

Macrocytic anemia

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5
Q

Acute tubular necrosis of the kidney–renal failure

A

Ethylene glycol toxicity

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6
Q

Most common acquired cause of MR in US

IUGR
Facial dysmorphology
Neuro impairment
Children later–suffer from MR and minor dysmorphic features

A

Fetal alcohol syndrome

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7
Q

Microcytic hypochromic anemia

Basophilic stippling of RBCs

A

Lead Poisoning

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8
Q

Associated with the development of angiosarcoma of the liver–also seen with arsenic exposure

A

Occupational exposure to vinyl chloride

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9
Q 
Neurological impairment
constriction of visual fields
paresthesias
ataxia
dysarthria
hearing loss

associated with fishing

A

Mercury Poisoning

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10
Q

Exposure of extremities to severe cold results in the crystallization of tissue H2O, which causes cellular disruption and vascular changes—focal ischemia and gangrene

A

Frostbite

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11
Q

Most common cause of death in seriously burned patients

A

Sepsis

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12
Q

Unusually vigorous exercise when ambient temp is high causing lactic acidosis, hypocalcemia and rhabdomyolysis

A

Heat stroke

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13
Q

Causes: depression of bone marrow
granulocytopenia
thrombocytopenia
anemia

A

acute body irradiation of 300 rads

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14
Q

Causes destruction of tissue composed of proliferating cells–GI damage

Water loss
Bac infections
Death

A

Radiation dose of 1000rads

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15
Q

Vit C deficiency resulting in pour wound healing

  • tooth loss
  • gingivitis
  • skin hemorrhages
  • multiple infections
  • poor wound healing
A

Scurvy

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16
Q

Niacin deficiency

3 Ds– dematitis/diarrhea/dementia

A

Pellagra

17
Q

Lipid malabsorption

Osteomalacia in adults–inadequate mineralization of newly formed bone matrix–vulnerability to spontaneous fractures

Rickets in children

A

Vit D deficiency

18
Q

Beri-beri and Wernicke-korsakoff syndrome

-alcoholics–encephalopahty and peripheral neuropathy

A

Vit B1–thiamine deficiency

19
Q

Squamous metaplasia
Xerophthalmia–dry eye
corneal ulceration
night blindness

A

Vit A deficiency

20
Q

Introduction of bacteria by IV drug abuse–infected emboli occlude vessels leading to gangrene and cerebral abscesses

A

Bacterial endocarditis caused by staphylococcus aureus

21
Q 
Autoimmune dz of intestine
-easy fatigability
-smooth sore tongue
numbness and tingling of the feet
weakness of legs
magaloblastic anemia
A

Vit B12 deficiency–pernicious anemia

22
Q

Syndrome that results from a deficiency of protein in a diet relatively high in carbohydrates

  • EDEMA
  • large fatty liver
  • depigmentation of skin
A

Kwashiorkor

23
Q

Hemorrhagic Dz of newborn

important for prothrombin and clotting factors 7/9/10

A

Vit K deficiency

24
Q

Deficiency of all elements of the diet

  • low body weight
  • diminished sub q fat
  • a protuberant abdomen
  • muscle wasting
  • wrinkled face
  • NO edema
A

Marasmus

25
Q

Fissures at the angles of the mouth

seborrheic keratosis and interstitial keratitis of the cornea

A

Cheilosis and Vit B2(riboflavin) deficiency

26
Q

Weakness/dyspnea on exertion/palpitations
Pulmonary rales and peripheral edema

chronic alcohol use

A

Alcoholic cardiomyopathy

27
Q 
200g lighter at birth
incidence of 
-abruptio placentae
-placenta previa
-uterine bleeding
-premature rupture of membranes
A

Fetal tobacco syndrome

28
Q

Cardiac arrhythemias and other effects on heart may cause sudden death in an otherwise healthy person

Chronic use associated with occasional development of a characteristic dilated cardiomyopathy

A

Cocaine

29
Q

Industrial exposure
bone marrow target
pts develop hematologic abnormalities–hypoplasia/aplasia of bone marrow and pancytopenia –aplastic anemia

A

Acute myelogenous leukemia–benzene toxicity

30
Q

Occupational exposure to radiation
weakness/fatigue/easy bruisability
enlarged liver and spleen

A

Chronic myelogenous leukemia–radiation exposure

U9 Path (6 decks)

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