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French Wine Scholar 2024 > Roussillon > Flashcards

Roussillon Flashcards

1
Q

In Muscat de Rivesaltes is the VDN usually made reductively or oxidatively?

A

It is only made reductively.

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2
Q

What are the grape varieties allowed in the Muscat de Rivesaltes AOC?

A

Muscat à Petit Grains & Muscat d’Alexandrie

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3
Q

What style of wine does the Banyuls Grand Cru AOC produce?

A

Red VDN only

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4
Q

What style of wine is made in the Maury AOC?

A

Dry reds (sec) and red and white VDN

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5
Q

What AOC is shared jointly between Languedoc and Roussillon?

A

Languedoc AOC

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6
Q

What is the 2nd largest AOC in Roussillon and what rivers are located here?

A
  • Côtes du Roussillon Villages (red only)
  • Rivers here: Agly and Têt

4 DGCs: Caramany, Latour-de-France, Lesquerde, Les Aspres, Tautavel

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7
Q

What is the largest AOC in Roussillon?

A

Côtes du Roussillon AOC (Regional)
white, rosé, & red

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8
Q

What are the 2 most important IGPs in Roussillon?

A
  1. Pay d’Oc IGP (most well-known)
  2. Côtes Catalanes IGP
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9
Q

What are the 2 regional AOCs of Roussillon?

A
  1. Languedoc AOC
  2. Côtes du Roussillon AOC
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10
Q

What is the 1 sub-regional AOC in Roussillon?

A

Côtes du Roussillon Villages AOC

It produces red wine only.

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11
Q

What are the 2 grapes grown in Roussillon that are not grown in Languedoc?

A

Muscat d’Alexandrie & Tourbat (both white)

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12
Q

What are the general location for plantings for red and white grapes in Roussillon?

A
  • White grapes on the alluvial plains
  • Red grapes on stonier sites at higher elevation
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13
Q

What 3 rivers have a cooling effect on the Roussillon vineyards because they start in the Pyrénées?

A
  1. Agly
  2. Têt
  3. Tech
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14
Q

What mountains surround Roussillon?

A
  1. Corbières to the North
  2. Pyrenees to the West
  3. Albères to the South
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15
Q

What is the climate like in Roussillon?

A
  • Mediterranean climate
  • Inclement weather blocked and heat trapped by mountains
  • Sunny and dry (over 300 days of sunshine)
  • Some of highest temperatures in all of mainland France
  • Rain is winter-dominant
  • Always windy
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16
Q

What are the Spanish grapes used in Roussillon and the different synonyms?

A

Carignan - Cariñena
Mourvèdre - Mataro/Monastrell
Macabeu - Macabeo

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17
Q

What are the characteristics of the Banyuls AOC?

A
  • Makes fortified, white, rosé, and red (VDN)
  • Many of the vines are old
  • Most of production is Grenache-based red (most in oxidative styles)
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18
Q

What are the reductive and oxidative labeling words in Roussillon?

A

Reductive

  • Grenat (red)
  • Rimage (red)

Oxidative

  • Ambre (white oxidized)
  • Tuilé (red oxidized - Rivesaltes, Maury & Banyuls Grand Cru)
  • Tradtionnel (red oxidized - Banyuls)
  • Rancio (maderized) (red & white)
  • Hors d’age (minimum 5 years aging) (red & white)
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19
Q

What are the 5 VdN AOCs in Roussillon?

A
  1. Muscat de Rivesaltes (white only)
  2. Rivesaltes (white, rosé, and red)
  3. Maury (white and red)
  4. Banyuls (white, rosé, and red)
  5. Banyuls Grand Cru (red only)
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20
Q

What are the 2 ways that VdNs can be aged in Roussillon?

A

Reductively (without oxygen)

  • topping barrels to their fullest
  • this delivers fresh fruit forward and dominant VdNs

Oxidatively (with oxygen)

  • not topping up barrels, leaving some headspace for air
  • use sun exposure to speed up the process
  • delivers nutty, toffee wines with some hints of maderization
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21
Q

What are the primary white grapes in VDNs not labeled “Muscat”?

A

Grenache Blanc
Tourbat
Maccabeu

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22
Q

What grape is primary for red VdNs?

A

Grenache

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23
Q

What are the characteristics of Roussillon VDNs–what % of all French, ABV, and RS?

A

Represent 80% of all French VdNs
Minimum 15% ABV
Minimum 4.5% (45 g/l) RS

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24
Q

What are the characteristics of the Maury (Sec) AOC?

A
  • dry red only
  • Blend of at least 2 grapes with Grenache as main.
  • Aged until March 1 after harvest.
  • The word “sec” must appear on the label.
25
What are the characteristics of the Côtes du Roussillon AOC and percentages of white, rosé, and red?
* Roussillon's largest by volume AOC. * variety of styles * 2019: 50% red, 42% rosé, 8% white
26
What are the characteristics of the Côtes du Roussillon Villages AOC?
* Red only * Extends thru the Têt and Agly river valleys * Grapes are Grenache dominant but must be a blend of 2 varieties * Five DGCs
27
What are the DGCs of the Côtes du Roussillon Villages AOC?
5 Villages that can append their name - Caramany - Latour-de-France - Les Aspres - Lesquerde - Tautavel Each has a slightly diffferent grape focus and blending formula.
28
What are the characteristics of the Collioure AOC?
* white, rosé, and red * Southernmost appellation in mainland France * Collioure and Banyuls share the same zone of production. Collioure is for dry wine Banyuls is for VdN. * Reds and rosés: blends of a least two varieties * Whites mainly Grenache Blanc and Grenache Gris
29
What is the primary grape for the Banyuls and Maury AOCs?
Grenache
30
What mountains create a rain shadow effect on Roussillon?
The Pyrénées
31
What is "Rancio" in Roussillon?
very oxidized red and white wine
32
What is "Hors d'age" in Roussillon?
Minimum 5 years aging oxidatively either red or white wine.
33
What is "Tuile" in Roussillon?
oxidative red wine | Used in Rivesaltes, Maury, and Banyuls Grand Cru
34
What is "Grenat" in Roussillon?
A reductive red wine, the term is used in Rivesaltes and Maury AOCs
35
What is "Rimage" in Roussillon?
A reductive red wine used in Banyuls AOC
36
What is "Ambre" in Roussillon?
An oxidative white wine | Used in Rivesaltes, Maury, and Banyuls
37
What 2 ways are VdNs made in Roussillon?
1. Reductive (without oxygen) - Retains fresh fruit and floral aromatics 1. Oxidatively (with oxygen) - more savory, nuts and toffee notes
38
What grapes can be used in Roussillon VDNs?
White VDN - Muscat à Petit Grains - Muscat d'Alexandrie - Grenache Blanc - Grenache Gris - Malvoisie du Roussillon - Maccabeu Red VDN - Grenache Noir
39
What VDN AOCs are produced in Roussillon?
* Muscat de Rivesaltes AOC * Rivesaltes AOC * Maury AOC * Banyuls AOC * Banyuls Grand Cru AOC
40
What percentage of all French VDN is produced in Roussillon?
80%
41
What style of wine is Roussillons claim to fame?
Vin Doux Naturels (VDN)
42
What is the most common soil type in Roussillon?
Iron rich, sandy red clay | Red clay giving the name to Roussillon (Red = Rousse)
43
What is the prevailing wind in Roussillon?
The Tramontane * Comes from the north * Reduces humidity and chases the clouds away giving over 300 days of sun/year
44
Where is Roussillon located?
Southernmost part of France * WEST: Pyrénées * NORTH: Languedoc * SOUTH: Spain * EAST: Mediterranean
45
Banyuls shares the same delimited zone of production of what other AOC?
Collioure
46
Is Banyuls Grand Cru VDN made reductively or oxidatively?
Always oxidized
47
What wine style can be made under the Côtes du Roussillon Villages designation?
Red wine only
48
What is the climate of Roussillon?
Mediterranean, with lots of heat and sunshine
49
What are the DGCs of the Côtes du Roussillon Villages AOC?
Caramany Latour-de-France Les Aspres Lesquerde Tautavel
50
The prevailing north wind in Roussillon is called?
The Tramontane
51
What are Roussillons most important rivers?
Agly Têt Tech
52
What wines may be labeled Hors d'age?
Oxidized VDNs aged a minimum of 5 years
53
What IGP is shared jointly between Languedoc and Roussillon?
Pays d'Oc IGP
54
The southernmost AOC in France is?
Collioure/Banyuls
55
What is the main grape variety used to produce red VDN?
Grenache
56
A "Bonbonne" is?
A large glass jar used for maturing VDNs
57
Roussillon is best known for what style of wine?
Vins Doux Naturels (VDN)
58
What styles of wine are made in the Collioure AOC?
dry white, rosé, and red
59
What effect does the Tramontane have on Roussillon?
The Tramontane reduces humidity and the risk of vine disease.

French Wine Scholar 2024 (17 decks)

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