People to Know

Question 1

(Bordeaux) When married in 1152, they controlled the western part of France from the English Channel to the Pyrenees. As King Henry II, he established ties between England and the French mainland that lasted 300 years.

Answer 1

Eleanor of Aquitaine and Henry Plantagenet

Question 2

(Bourgogne) Fourth Duke of Burgundy; died attempting to conquer Alsace and Lorraine.

Ruled 1467-1477

Answer 2

Charles the Rash

Question 3

(Bordeaux) Taught at University of Bordeaux; he was an oenologist; he encouraged winemakers to create a “second label” for lesser quality wines in the 20th century.

1912-2004; began teaching at UofB in 1954

Answer 3

Êmile Peynaud

Question 4

Pierre-Marie-Alexis Millardet

Answer 4

(Jura) He is the creator of the famous “bouillie bordelaise” or “Bordeaux Mixture” in 1885 that was used to combat mildew; together with Jules-Émile Planchon, he pioneered the grafting of French vines onto American rootstocks to protect the vines.

Question 5

(Beaujolais) 4th generation winemaker and research chemist; he championed carbonic maceration in the 20th century; he also developed the INAO tasting glass to better capture wine aromas and is regarded as one of the best tasters in living memory; he is also considered father of the natural wine movement.

1915 to 1989

Answer 5

Jules Chauvet

Question 6

(Languedoc) Montpellier; discovered the process of mutage, adding distilled alcohol to partially-fermented grape must to halt fermentation–preserves sugars and results in sweet, fortified wine.

13th century

Answer 6

Arnaud de Villeneuve

Question 7

(Champagne) She pioneered the production of drier champagne in the 19th century.

1874

Answer 7

Madame Pommery

Question 8

Jules Chauvet

Answer 8

(Beaujolais) 4th generation winemaker and research chemist; he championed carbonic maceration in the 20th century; he also developed the INAO tasting glass to better capture wine aromas and is regarded as one of the best tasters in living memory; he is also considered father of the natural wine movement.

1915 to 1989

Question 9

(Jura) His work to authenticate wine origin set the stage for Arbois to be among the first to receive AOC approval in 1936 (20th century).

Answer 9

Alexis Arpin

Question 10

John the Fearless

Answer 10

(Bourgogne) Second Duke of Burgundy; appointed guardian of the future King of France; assassinated for being power-hungry.

Ruled 1404-1419

Question 11

(Jura) In the early 20th century, he noted identical grape varieties often assumed alternate names, especially when grown on different sites and soils.

1889-1991

Answer 11

Charles Rouget

Question 12

(Bordeaux) Launched his Wine Advocate and touted merits of the 1982 Bordeaux vintage. This started Bordeaux third Golden Age.

Answer 12

Robert Parker

Question 13

(Savoie) In the 20th century, he helped identify and classify many varieties by physical evaluation.

1921-2019

Answer 13

Pierre Galet

Question 14

Pierre Galet

Answer 14

(Savoie) In the 20th century, he helped identify and classify many varieties by physical evaluation.

1921-2019

Question 15

(Bourgogne) Second Duke of Burgundy; appointed guardian of the future King of France; assassinated for being power-hungry.

Ruled 1404-1419

Answer 15

John the Fearless

Question 16

(Champagne) King of the Francs; managed to unite most of the future country of France under his rule in the sixth century.

466 to 511; United tribes in 509

Answer 16

Clovis

466 to 511

Question 17

Alexis Arpin

Answer 17

(Jura) His work to authenticate wine origin set the stage for Arbois to be among the first to receive AOC approval in 1936.

Question 18

(Jura) Born in Jura, but was Paris-based; discovered in 1857 (19th century) that yeast was responsible for fermentation (It was believed to be spontaneous prior to that).

1822-1895

Answer 18

Louis Pasteur

Question 19

(Corsica) born in 1769 to wealthy vineyard owners in Ajaccio; under him Corsica was granted free trade with mainland and taxes and duties were waived.

Answer 19

Napoleon Bonaparte

Question 20

Frederic Mistral

Answer 20

(Provence) a Provençal poet, championed the Occitan language and Provençal folk art and culture; gave voice to the cicada “the sun makes me sing.”

1830-1914

Question 21

Nicole Ponsardin (Veuve Cliquot)

Answer 21

(Champagne) Process of riddling (remuage) attributed to her in 19th century.

1777-1886 (husband died in 1805)

Question 22

(Bourgogne) First Duke of Burgundy; outlawed Gamay in an attempt to promote Pinot Noir.

Ruled from 1363-1404

Answer 22

Philippe the Bold

Question 23

(Champagne) Credited with creating a blend in the 17th century by mixing different proportions of Chardonnay, Pinot Noir and Meunier clusters at the press.

1638 to 1715

Answer 23

Dom Pérignon

Question 24

Charles Rouget

Answer 24

(Jura) In the early 20th century, he noted identical grape varieties often assumed alternate names, especially when grown on different sites and soils.

1889-1981

Question 25

Eleanor of Aquitaine and Henry Plantagenet

Answer 25

(Bordeaux) When married in 1152, they controlled the western part of France from the English Channel to the Pyrenees. As King Henry II, he established ties between England and the French mainland that lasted 300 years.

Question 26

(Champagne) Process of riddling (remuage) attributed to her in early 19th century.

1777-1886 (husband died in 1805)

Answer 26

Nicole Ponsardin (Veuve Cliquot)

Question 27

Patrick Ducournau

Answer 27

(South-West) Introduced, while he was working in Madiran in 1991 (20th century), the technique of micro-oxygenation; this softened tannins and eliminated the reduction issues. Very small qualities of oxygen are bubbled through a vat of fermenting wine to keep yeast healthy and avoid stuck fermentations. It can also be bubbled through a vat of finished wine to polymerize tannins , clarify and stabilize. The technique is now employed worldwide.

Question 28

Philippe the Bold

Answer 28

(Bourgogne) First Duke of Burgundy; outlawed Gamay in an attempt to promote Pinot Noir.

Ruled 1363-1404

Question 29

Madame Pommery

Answer 29

(Champagne) She pioneered the production of drier champagne in the 19th century.

1874

Question 30

Arnaud de Villeneuve

Answer 30

(Languedoc) Montpellier; discovered the process of mutage in the 13th century, adding distilled alcohol to partially-fermented grape must to halt fermentation–preserves sugars and results in sweet, fortified wine.

Question 31

(Bourgogne) Third Duke of Burgundy. Surrendered Joan of Arc to the English. He also established the Hospices de Beaune, a charity hospital for common people.

Ruled 1419-1467

Answer 31

Phillipe the Good

Question 32

(Jura) He is the creator of the famous “bouillie bordelaise” or “Bordeaux Mixture” in 1885 (19th century) that was used to combat mildew; together with Jules-Émile Planchon, he pioneered the grafting of French vines onto American rootstocks to protect the vines.

Answer 32

Pierre-Marie-Alexis Millardet

Question 33

(Provence) a Provençal poet, championed the Occitan language and Provençal folk art and culture; gave voice to the cicada “the sun makes me sing.”

1830-1914

Answer 33

Frederic Mistral

Question 34

Dom Pérignon

Answer 34

(Champagne) Credited with creating a blend in the 17th century by mixing different proportions of Chardonnay, Pinot Noir and Meunier clusters at the press.

1638 to 1715

Question 35

Napoleon Bonaparte

Answer 35

(Corsica) born in 1769 to wealth vineyard owners in Ajaccio; under him Corsica was granted free trade with mainland and taxes and duties were waived.

Question 36

(South-West) Introduced, while he was working in Madiran in 1991(20th century), the technique of micro-oxygenation; this softened tannins and eliminated the reduction issues. Very small qualities of oxygen are bubbled through a vat of fermenting wine to keep yeast healthy and avoid stuck fermentations. It can also be bubbled through a vat of finished wine to polymerize tannins, clarify and stabilize. The technique is now employed worldwide.

1949-2022

Answer 36

Patrick Ducournau

Question 37

Louis Pasteur

Answer 37

(Jura) Born in Jura, but was Paris-based; discovered in 1857 (19th century) that yeast was responsible for fermentation (It was believed to be spontaneous prior to that).

1822-1895

Question 38

Phillipe the Good

Answer 38

(Bourgogne) Third Duke of Burgundy. Surrendered Joan of Arc to the English. He also established the Hospices de Beaune, a charity hospital for common people.

Ruled 1419-1467

Question 39

Charles the Rash

Answer 39

(Bourgogne) Fourth Duke of Burgundy; died attempting to conquer Alsace and Lorraine.

Ruled 1467-1477

Question 40

Robert Parker

Answer 40

(Bordeaux) Launched his Wine Advocate and touted merits of the 1982 Bordeaux vintage. This started Bordeaux third Golden Age.

Question 41

Êmile Peynaud

Answer 41

(Bordeaux) Taught at University of Bordeaux; he was an oenologist; he encouraged winemakers to create a “second label” for lesser quality wines in the 20th century.

1912-2004; began teaching at UofB in 1954

Question 42

Clovis

Answer 42

(Champagne) King of the Francs; managed to unite most of the future country of France under his rule in the early 6th century.

466 to 511; United tribes in 509