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French Wine Scholar 2024 > Beaujolais > Flashcards

Beaujolais Flashcards

1
Q

What Beaujolais Crus are the longest aging?

A

Morgon
Moulin-à-Vent
Chénas

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2
Q

What Beaujolais Cru is the smallest?

A

Chénas

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3
Q

What Beaujolais Cru is named after Julius Cesar?

A

Juliénas

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4
Q

What Beaujolais Cru is the northernmost?

A

Saint Amour

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5
Q

What Beaujolais Cru is the highest?

A

Chiroubles

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6
Q

What Beaujolais Cru is the newest?

A

Régnié

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7
Q

What Beaujolais Cru is the largest?

A

Brouilly

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8
Q

What Beaujolais Cru has slopes facing all directions?

A

Côte de Brouilly

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9
Q

What are the 12 AOCs of Beaujolais?

A
  • Beaujolais AOC (regional)
  • Beaujolais Villages AOC (38 villages)
  • Saint Amour AOC
  • Juliénas AOC
  • Chénas AOC
  • Moulin-à-Vent AOC
  • Fleurie AOC
  • Chiroubles AOC
  • Morgon AOC
  • Régnié AOC
  • Côte de Brouilly AOC
  • Brouilly AOC
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10
Q

How many AOCs in Beaujolais?

A

12

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11
Q

2/3 of all Beaujolais Nouveau production is bottled as what AOC?

A

Beaujolais AOC

1/3 is classified as Beaujolais Villages AOC

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12
Q

How much of the total Beaujolais production is Nouveau?

A

20%

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13
Q

When is the release of Nouveau?

A

The 3rd Thursday in November

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14
Q

Why is vatting time important in Beaujolais?

A

Longer vatting time gives:

  1. Deeper, richer pigented wine
  2. Increases the structure (tannins) & aromatics of the wine
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15
Q

What are the vatting times in Beaujolais for:
* Nouveau
* Beaujolais
* Beaujolais Villages
* Cru level

A
  • Nouveau: 2-3 days
  • Beaujolais: 4-6 days
  • Beaujolais Villages: 5-9 days
  • Cru level: 8-15 days
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16
Q

What flavors does carbonic maceration add to the wine.

A

Banana, cherry candy, raspberry and cranberry

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17
Q

What is the training method in the North & South Beaujolais areas?

A
  • North: mainly gobelet also cordon & éventail
  • South: guyot
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18
Q

What is the topography of the North and South Beaujolais areas?

A
  • North: Mountains
  • South: Gentle slopes & rolling plains
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19
Q

What are the soils of the North and South Beaujolais areas?

A
  • North: Granite, schist, arène, gorrhe
  • South: Clay/limestone, pierres dorées & river alluviums
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20
Q

What 3 things differentiate North and South Beaujolais areas?

A

soils
topography
training methods

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21
Q

What are the 2 rivers of Beaujolais?

A

The Saone & Nizerand rivers

The Nizerand separates North & South Beaujolais.

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22
Q

What are the characteristics of the Beaujolais Cru Moulin-à-Vent?

A
  • It is named after a local historical windmill
  • Most full-bodied and tannic of all Crus
  • Has a tendency to become “Pinot-Like” locally called Pinoter
  • Can last a decade

Soil: Arène, decomposed pink granite rich in manganese

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23
Q

What are the characteristics of the Beaujolais Cru Morgon?

A
  • 2nd largest cru
  • Soils: Roches Pourries (rotted rocks), decomposed schist rich in iron and manganese
  • Flavors of ripe cherry, cherry jam & kirsch
  • Full-bodied
  • “Morgonner”/”Morgonne” = to pick up notes of forest floor (Sous Bois)
  • Ageability: 5-10 years
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24
Q

What are the characteristics of the Beaujolais Cru Chénas

A
  • Smallest Cru
  • Located on an ancient oak forest Chénas means oak tree
  • Described as “a bouquet of flowers”
  • Full-bodied

Soil: Granite at elevation; clay & stone lower on slopes

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25
What are the 3 full bodied Crus in Beaujolais that have structure and staying power?
1. Chénas 2. Moulin-à-Vent 3. Morgon
26
What are the characteristics of the Beaujolais Cru Brouilly?
* Takes its name from Mont Brouilly * Southernmost of all crus * Largest of all crus (represents 20% of all cru Area) * Medium-bodied | Soil is decomposed diorite (cornes verts) blue green in color.
27
What are the characteristics of Côte de Brouilly?
* Located on the slopes of Mont Brouilly * Only Cru with vineyards facing all directions * Medium-bodied | Soil: decomposed diorite with some pink granite on the western slope.
28
What are the characteristics of the Beaujolais Cru Juliénas?
* Named after Julius Cesar * Medium-bodied * Vineyards are south facing | Soils: granite veined with magnesium and porphyry (alluvial clay).
29
What are the characteristics of the Beaujolais Cru Régnié?
* It is the newest Beaujolais Cru (1985) * Vineyards face east * Medium-bodied | Soil is Pink granite, decomposed schist & arène (weathered feldspar)
30
What are the characteristics of the Beaujolais Cru Saint Amour?
* Northernmost Cru * produces wines of both short and long maceration times * wines tend to be in soft and light style | * Soils: granite and clay
31
What are the characteristics of the Beaujolais Cru Fleurie?
* Named after a Roman Legionnaire * Wines are elegant and aromatic * Considered most floral/feminine of all the Crus * Soft and light | Soils are Pink Granite & Clay
32
What are the characteristics of the Beaujolais Cru Chiroubles?
* Highest in elevation & coolest * It is the last to harvest * Vineyards face southeast * This Cru is considered benchmark Beaujolais * Soft and light | Soil is granite and gorrhe.
33
What are the 3 light bodied Crus of Beaujolais?
1. Saint Amour 1. Fleurie 1. Chiroubles
34
What are some key characteristics of the Beaujolais Crus?
* 100% red & 100% Gamay * Soils: Granite, schist & mineral sands * Yields: Lowest in Beaujolais, Planting density is high * Vines are short pruned & hand harvested * Vatting time 8-15 days
35
From north to south what are the 10 Crus of Beaujolais?
1. Saint Amour 2. Juliénas 3. Chénas 4. Moulin-à-Vent 5. Fleurie 6. Chiroubles 7. Morgon 8. Régnié 9. Côte de Brouilly 1. Brouilly (note: Brouilly surrounds Côte de Brouilly)
36
What are the steps in Carbonic Maceration?
1. Whole clusters and berries are put into the tank without pressing 2. The weight causes bottom grapes to burst, creating an anaerobic environment inside the berries 3. The length of time allows more and more grapes to burst increasing alcohol, pigment and tannins
37
What is the harvesting method in Beaujolais?
Hand harvesting Machine harvesting on request
38
What are the training methods in Beaujolais?
For red Beaujolais Village & Cru level * Gobelet (traditional) * Cordon (simple or double) * Eventail The lower yields concentrates the juice For Beaujolais AOC and white Beaujolais Villages * Guyot - Generates higher yields
39
Describe Gamay.
* A cross between Gouais Blanc & a member of the Pinot family * Thin skinned with low tannins & and high acidity * Light to medium bodied wine with bright purple pigments & bold aromatics * Represents 98% of all Beaujolais plantings
40
What are the 3 topographies of Beaujolais from north to south?
1. Monts du Beaujolais 1. Gentle hills 1. Rolling Plains
41
Where are the Crus of Beaujolais located?
Best vineyards are located on the southwest aspect of the steep Monts de Beaujolais.
42
What is the topography of the North and South Beaujolais?
Mountains in the North Rolling slopes in the South
43
What are the characteristics of Gamay on the different soils of North & South Beaujolais
* On the granite and schist of the north it is more structured and complex, used for the Beaujolais Crus. * On the clay and limestone of the south it is light, fruity and easy drinking. Used for the regional Beaujolais AOC.
44
What is the soil of Southern Beaujolais?
* Clay (sedimentary) * Limestone (sedimentary) * Also a broken yellow limestone called Pierres Dorées
45
What is the soil of Northern Beaujolais?
* Granite (igneous rock) * Schist (metamorphic rock) * Arène & Gorrhe (weathered feldspar, micas, quartz & more) * over 300 million years old
46
Who ruled Beaujolais in the 10th Century?
The Lords of Beaujeu
47
What is the climate of Beaujolais?
* Semi-Continental * It experiences all 4 seasons * But because of the Mediterranean its climate is slightly buffered
48
What level of wine is produced in the marl & limestone of Southern Beaujolais?
AOC level wine
49
What level of wine is produced in the Northern Beaujolais on its granite & schist?
Beaujolais Crus & Beaujolais Villages
50
What river divides Northern and Southern Beaujolais?
The Nizerand
51
What is the position of Beaujolais in France?
* The Macon to the north * City of Lyon to the south * Monts de Beaujolais to the west * Saone River to the east
52
What is the land area dimension of Beaujolais?
34 miles north to south 7-9 miles east to west
53
What year did the INAO officially change the release of Nouveau to the 3rd Thursday in November?
1985
54
What does it mean when wines are made "primeur"?
The drinking of wine when it is first vinified (Nouveau) | Gamay is well suited for this due to its fruitiness and low tannins.
55
What impact did the railways have on Beaujolais?
It expanded the wine market with Paris becoming one of its top customers.
56
Who maintained the vineyards from the 7th century through the middle ages?
The Benedictine Monks
57
What AOC is named after Julius Cesar?
Juliénas
58
What is the southernmost cru in northern Beaujolais?
Brouilly
59
What Beaujolais Cru is famous for it soils of "Roches Pourries" (decomposed schist)?
Morgon AOC
60
What is Arène (or Gorrhe)?
A sandy, mineral-rich soil found in Northern Beaujolais
61
What Beaujolais Cru is considered the most fruity, delicate and floral?
Fleurie
62
What 3 Beaujolais Crus are regarded as having the greatest aging potential?
1. Chénas 2. Moulin-à-Vent 3. Morgon
63
What Beaujolais Cru is the largest in Size?
Brouilly
64
What grape variety(ies) is/are used to produce red beaujolais?
Beaujolais AOC red wines must contain at least: 85% Gamay Up to 15%: * Pinot Gris (w) * Pinot Noir * Chardonnay (w) * Aligoté (w) * Melon de Bourgogne (w)
65
What grape variety is used to produce white Beaujolais AOC?
100% Chardonnay
66
What is the climate of Beaujolais?
Semi-continental with Mediterranean influences
67
What Beaujolais Cru is generally considered the most age-worthy full bodied and tannic?
Moulin-à-Vent
68
What is the smallest Beaujolais AOC?
Chénas
69
What soil type generally produces more structured, complex wine in Beaujolais?
Granite and schist
70
What type of soil is preferred by Gamay?
Granite
71
What method is generally used to make sparkling sweet rosé wine in Beaujolais?
Methode Ancestrale
72
What Beaujolais Cru is known for Cornes Verts (blue-green soil)
Brouilly
73
What grape is responsible for 98% of the wines in Beaujolais?
Gamay
74
What river flows east of Beaujolais?
The Saône
75
The tendency of Moulin-à-Vent to become Pinot Noir like as it ages is called?
"Pinoter" a verb used in Beaujolais to describe the wine changing
76
Is Beaujolais Nouveau a style of wine or an AOC?
It is a style of wine that can be made under the Beaujolais or Beaujolais Village AOC's
77
What Beaujolais Cru is considered to be benchmark Beaujolais?
Chiroubles
78
What river divides northern and southern Beaujolais?
The Nizerand
79
What is the northernmost Beaujolais Cru?
Saint Amour
80
What Beaujolais Cru is considered to be King of Beaujolais?
Moulin-à-Vent
81
Before the French Revolution what 5 sub regions made up the "Grande Bourgogne"?
1. Chablis 2. Côte-d'Or 3. Côte Chalonnaise 4. Mâconnais 1. Beaujolais
82
What is carbonic maceration?
An enzymatic, whole berry fermentation, designed to capitalize on fruity aromas vs pigment and tannin.
83
What Beaujolais Cru is the newest?
Régnié AOC (1985)
84
What are the medium bodied Crus of Beaujolais?
1. Juliénas 2. Régnié 3. Brouilly 4. Côte de Brouilly
85
What Beaujolais Cru has the highest elevation and coolest climate?
Chiroubles

French Wine Scholar 2024 (17 decks)

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