Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

GI 3 > Rotavirus and Hepatitis Viruses > Flashcards

Rotavirus and Hepatitis Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

nucleic acid of rotavirus

A

dsRNA, encapsulated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

nucleic acid of norovirus

A

naked, positive sense ssRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

nucleic acid of adenovirus

A

naked, DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

VP1 protein, rotavirus

A
  • transcriptase
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

VP3, rotavirus

A
  • mRNA capping
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

VP4, rotavirus

A
  • hemagglutinin, involved in attachment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

VP7, rotavirus

A
  • induces formation of neutralizing antibodies, leads to immunity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

rotavirus capsid

A
  • protects virus from stomach acid
  • partial acid digestion cleaves VP4
  • produces infectious sub-viral particle (ISVP)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

ISVP, rotavirus

A
  • penetrates cell
  • dsRNA replicated
  • VPs made
  • lyse cell
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

NSP4, rotavirus

A
  • promotes Ca influx into enterocytes

- secretion of water and loss of ions leads to watery diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

transmission of rotavirus

A
  • fecal oral

- survives well on fomites and hands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

clinical disease of rotavirus

A
  • major cause of gastroenteritis in infants
  • vomiting, diarrhea, fever, dehydration
  • no RBCs or WBCs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

transmission of norovirus

A
  • fecal oral

- cruise ships and infected food handlers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

clinical disease of norovirus

A
  • 24-48 hour incubation
  • acute onset of diarrhea and N/V
  • virus compromises intestinal brush border function and prevents absorption of water and nutrients
  • NO blood
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

nucleic acid of YF

A
  • positive sense, ssRNA, enveloped
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

vector for YF

A
  • Aedes aegypti mosquito
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

pathogenesis of YF

A
  • kupffer cells infected in 24 hours
  • viremic phase: malaise, fever, chills, headache
  • conjunctival infection and facial flushing
  • jaundice, dark urine, pale stools, generalized itching
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

black vomiting with jaundince

A

YF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

YF vaccine

A
  • live attenuated
  • safe and effective in HIV patients with CD4 cells > 200/ ul
  • DO NOT give to pregnant women
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

nucleic acid of hep A

A
  • heparna virus (hep A RNA)

- picronavirus- RNA, naked

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

NA of hep B

A
  • hepadna virus (hepa DNA)

- DNA, enveloped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

NA of hep C

A
  • flavivirus

- RNA, enveloped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

NA of hep D

A
  • delta virus

- circular RNA, enveloped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

NA of hep E

A
  • hepevirus (hep E virus)

- RNA, naked

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
transmission of hep A and E
- fecal oral | - vowels in the bowels
26
transmission of hep B,C, and D
- contaminated blood
27
characteristics of hep A
- naked, icosahedral capsid - positive sense, ssRNA - transmitted via fecal oral
28
pathogenesis of hep A
- virus ingested, enters bloodstream via GI tract - replicates in hepatocytes and Kupffer cells - released into bile and then stool - shed about 10 days before symptoms
29
symptoms of hep A
- prodrome: fatigue, nausea, loss of appetite, ab pain | - icteric phase: jaundice, dark urine appears first then pale stool, ab pain, pruritus, arthralgias, skin rash
30
hep A prevention
- avoid uncooked shellfish | - vaccine: killed vaccine for infants at 2 and adults along with the HBV vaccine
31
hep B characteristics
- small, enveloped DNA virus | - encodes a reverse transcriptase and replicates through an RNA intermediate
32
immunopathogenesis of acute HBV infection
- T cell response causes: - degeneration of liver parenchyma - cellular swelling and necrosis - inflammatory cell infiltrate - jaundice
33
immunopathogeneis of chronic HBV infection
- insufficient T-cell response causes mild symptoms | - HBV DNA integrates into hepatocyte DNA
34
neutralizing antibody (nAb)
- can block virus binding and infection - made against HBsAg (vaccination) - immune complexes can form between HBsAg and nAb leading to type III hypersensitivity reactions and vasculitis, arthralgia, rash, glomerulonephritis
35
transmission of HBV
- contaminated blood - sexual contact - birth - needlestick injuries
36
symptoms of acute HBV infection
- preicteric: fever, malaise, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, ab discomfort, chills - icteric: liver damage (jaundice, dark urine, pale stools), fulminant hepatitis
37
symptoms of chronic HBV infection
- scarring, cirrhosis, liver failure or PHC
38
HBsAg
- indicates infection - if present, actively replicating virus - if present for more than 6 months, then chronic infection
39
HBsAb
- confers immunity | - if present, indicates resolution or immunization
40
HBeAg
- correlates with active viral replication - present during acute disease and active chronic disease - indicates extremely infective
41
HBeAb
- present in chronic disease | - indicator of actively making virus
42
HBcAb
- first Ab to appear - presence indicates recent infection - both IgM and IgG Ab present
43
treatment of hep B
- hep B immune globulin for recent exposure (within 1 week of exposure) - HIV RT inhibitors or nucleoside analogs for 1 year
44
HBV vaccine
- contains HBsAg S gene | - series of 3 injections
45
characteristics of hep C
- positive sense, RNA, enveloped - chronic, cirrhosis, cancer - flaviviridae family
46
transmission of hep C
- blood and body secretions | - IV drug abusers prominent
47
replication of hep C
- coats itself with LDL or VLDL and uses these for uptake into hepatocytes - virion buds into and remains in ER
48
HCV pathogenesis
- HCV proteins inhibit apoptosis and INF-a by binding to TNF-R and protein kinase R - CMI responsible for producing tissue damage
49
HCV symptoms
- 3 types of disease: acute, severe rapid progression and chronic persistent infection
50
diagnosis of HCV
- ELISA for anti-HCV antibody
51
treatment for HCV
- recombinant INF-a +- ribavarin
52
characteristics of hep D
- HBsAg is essential for packaging the virus - coinfection occurs with hep B - superinfection can occur - very small, ssRNA
53
coinfection
- Hep B and D transmitted together | - takes 2-3 months to make surface antigen
54
superinfection
- have hep B and then get hep D | - acute liver failure in days to weeks
55
replication of hep D
- HBsAg binds to hepatocytes and the virus enters - original genome forms a ribozyme - promotes association of genome with HBsAg to form virion
56
symptoms of hep D
- fulminant hepatitis common: severe, alters brain function, extensive jaundice, massive hepatic necrosis
57
prevention of hep D
- immunization with HBV vaccine protects against HDV
58
characteristics of hep E
- norovirus - fecal oral transmission - mostly in developing countries - serious in pregnant women - 20% mortality
59
major glycoprotein component of HBV virion
- S
60
essential glycoprotein component of HBV virion assembly
- L
61
replication of hep B
- HBV attaches to hepatocytes mediated by HBsAg - DNA genome delivered to nucleus - copies genome in the cytoplasm

GI 3 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions