rotation test Flashcards by whitney webb

what test differentiates staph aureus from non pathogenic staph

coagulase

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principle of the catalase

differentiates between staph species and strep species

1ml of 3% hydrogen peroxide if bubbles appear, then it is +

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what test is used to distinguish the coliform bacteria from the enteric pathogens?

TSI- pathogens are usually nonlactose fermenters

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collection and transportation of anearobic specimens, what type of collection system is not suitable for anearobic cultures?

routine swabs

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how could you differentiate listeria monocytogenes from cornebaterium dipetheroids?

motility - L is positive C is negative

CAMP test- L is positive C is negative

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how could you differentiate alpha streptococci from S. pneumonia?

S. pneumoniae is P disc positive (suscpetible) all others are negative

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what agar is used fro kirby bauer sensitivity testing?

mueller-hinton

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which enteric pathogen would be last likely to survive if the stool is left at room temperature fro an extended period of time or refrigerated?

shigella

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organisms that cause food poisioning?

campylobacter, E. Coli, shigella, salmonella, s. aureus

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what organism is a gram neg, motile, oxidase pos, rod wth a grape-like odor?

pseudomonas aeruginosa

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which genus contains, chormogenic, gram =, motile rods, which have been implicated in septicemia, pulmonary, and urinary tract infections?

serratia

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what ist he most common oragnism in the human intestine?

bacteroides spp.

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which genus and species is best cultured in an alkaline peptone medium and causes a severe type of diarrhea producing rice water stools?

vibrio cholera

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to which lancefield group do most of the human pathogens which are beta hemolytic streptococci belong?

group A

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how do you differentiate the genus Enterobacter from Klebsiella?

motility E is pos

K is neg

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interpretation of TSI rxc?

K/K- alkaline/ alkaline- non fermenter
K/A - alkaline/acid- glucose fermetner
A/A- acid/acid- sucrose or lactose and glucose fermenter
h2s is black

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how does a gram pos, and gram neg, bacteria differ?

gn are red and have more lipid in the cell membrane, preventing them from drying out during the decolorizer and acid alcohol allowing them to lose the primary dye and take up the counter dye

where as gp are purple and have less lipid so decolorizer and acid alcohol have littler affect

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the “satellite phenomenon” indicates that staph has what factor?

V factor

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what is beta-lactamase?

enzymes that a bacteria posses that makes them resistant to penicillin drugs

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what sugar is fermented by all enterobaceriaceae?

glucose

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meningitis due to Haemophilus influenzae is most common in which age group?

infants to young children

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which genera of enterobactericeae are nonmotile?

klebsiella and shigella

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which genera of enterobacteriaceae are resistant to many antibiotics and are frequently found in noscomial infections

serratia and proteus

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which organism is most frequently isolated from a cat or dog bite?

pasteurella multocida

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from what type of specimens are members of the genus lactobacillus isolated?

GI trac, vaginal and urines (female)

what steps must be taken to identify campylobacter in laboratory?

use campy plate in 42 degree microaeophillic environment, seagull gram stain, tumbling motility, ox and cat pos

what antibiotics are added to thayer-martin media? why are they added?

vancomysin - inhibits gram pos colistin- inhibits gram neg nystatin- inhibits fungal to inhibit normal commensal organisms

what are facultative organism

microorganisms that can metabolize aerobically or anaerobically

in the performance of a gram stain, what effect would omitting the iodine step have on the final color of gram positive and gram neg organisms?

crystal violet would not adhere tot he cells and the stain will be pink

which organism can be normal in the upper respiratory tract?

small amounts of pathogens are normal, must be more tan the amount of NF to be significant

which sterilization method utilizing heat is the most effective and useful fro the clinical lab?

steam autoclave

which organism could young staph growing on SBA be confused with?

group A

appearance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in a urethral smear

intracellular gram negative, coffee bean shaped diplococci

if oragism are seen on a direct gram-stained smear but are not recovered on routine culture, what type of organism is implicated?

anaerobe

which body fluid is often cultured in an effort to trace salmonella typhi carriers?

bile

what ist he appearance of an encapsulated organism on blood agar and what effect does the capsule have on the organisms virulence?

mucoid and increased virulence

principle of the decarboxylase test

reactions: puple- yellow (=)-purple (+)

definition of MIC

minimum inhibitory concentration: lowest concentration of antimicrobial that inhibits bacterial growth

incubation conditions for anaerobes

no oxygen (bio bag) and place din gas pak providing CO2 at 36 degrees. use anaerobic media K&V (laked blood agar)

what terms are used to describe the morphology of the members of the genus corynebacterium

chinese letters palisade picket fence

characteristics of bacterial spores

hard and thick walled capsule, dormant, non reproductive

interpretation of reactions on the XLD

highly selective also differential salmonella (red colonies with black centers) shigella (red colonies) lactose positive, yellow

biochemical characteristics of E.coli

lactose fermenter; indole and methyl red pos | urea and h2s neg

appearance (colonial morphology) and pathogenicity of klebsiella pneumoniae

large, pink, mucoid, stringy colonies on MAC

what screening test is used in the lab to differentiate E.coli 0157:H from normal strains of E.coli

mac with sorbital; latex agg serotyping

what test can be used to differentiate the two species of proteus?

indole P. vulgaris + P. mirabilis =

which species might e considered as contaminants if they were isolated from a blood culture

coag neg staph corynebacterium bacillus spp.

if two organism are to be used as quality control for a particular test or procedure, should their reactions be the same or different

they have to be different one demonstrating a pos and one demonstrating a neg

what are the designations for the cell wall, flagellar, and capsular antigens in bacteria? which antiges can mask the cell wall antigen in serological typing?

cell wall = O falgella= H ** capsule = K or Vi

the safety hood should be used for which procedures in the micro lab

respiratory, AFB, funal, stool cultures

what characteristics of a specimen might cause you to suspect an anaerobce and on what type of lab media should such a culture be inoculated

strong odor and from a deep wound, or abscess BAP MAC CHOC PEA ANA ANA W/KV ET broth

what is the gram stain morphology of bacteroides and fusobacterium

bacteroides: GNR with rounded ends; pleomorphic fusobacterium: GNR with pointed ends

what types of specimens are suitable for anaerobic culture? | which are unsuitable?

suitable: deep wounds, abscesses, tissue, blood, trans-tracheal aspirate, sterile body fluids, supra pubic aspirate, unsuitable: stools, urines, vaginals, etc

what is the gram stain morphology of Neisseria meningitids and what sugars are utilized by this organism

gram negative coffee bean shaped diplococci, glucose and maltose

what stains are used for staining members of the genus mycobacterium

ziehl-neelsen

what is the N-acetyl-L-cysteine the most common agent used for sputum concentrations for AFB cultures?

because it is a mucolytic agent that breaks up the specimen and enhances the recovery of mycobacteria, destroys NF,

what is the colonial morphology of mycobacterium tuberculosis on lowenstein-jensen medium

rough tough apperance, buff colored, fuzzy,

what can be used as a clearing agent to remove protein mateiral from a mycology specimen

KOH

what is the procedure of choice for the demonstration of cryptococcus in CSF?

india ink

what is the best single media for the primary isolation of fungus?

sabourauds

what are the growth characteristics and other identifying characteristics of candida albicans?

germ tube pos budding yeast with pseudohyphae creamy white colonies

what stage in the development of a parasite is best demonstrated by permanent stained smear?

troph

which method of concentrating stool specimens is best for which parasites?

flotation- nematode, cestode, eggs, and coccidia occysts sedimentation- trematode eggs operculated ont show on flotation they will sink

how can you differentiate the various species of plasmodium

P. falciparum- schiznot has 8-36 merozoites | maleariae has a band and merozoites in the shape of a flower`

biochemical reactions of staph epi

catalase pos and coag neg

which genera are oxidase positive

pseudomonas neisseria campylobacter

rapid methods of ID for the enterobacteriaceae

API enterotube micro-ID less than 4 hours minitek

which growth factors are required by the various species of haemophilus

X and V

which fungi are dimorphic

``` coccidiodes imits blastomyces dermatididis histoplasma capsulatum paracoccidiodes braziliensis sporothrix shenckii ```

haemophilus aegypticus

pinky eye

bordetella pertusis

whooping cough

brucella abortus

brucellosis/ malto fever/ undulant fever

haemophilus influenzae

meninigitis

haemophilus ducrey

chancroid

bacillus anthracis

anthrax (woolsorters disease_

clostridium perfringes

gangrene

clostridium tetanus

lock jaw

listeria monocytogenes

stillbirths

clostridium difficile

pseudomembranous diptheria

borrelia recurrentis

relapsing fever

leptospira

hemorrhagic jaundice

treponema pallidum

syphilis

enteric fever

salmonella typhi

treponema carateum

pinta

treponema pertenue

yaws

corynbecaterium diptheria

klebs-lobeffler bacillus

klebsiella pneumoniae

friedlanders bacillus

haemopnilus aegypticus

kock-weeks bacillus

strep pneumoniae

lobar pneumonia | sepsis

strep pyogenes (group A)

RHEUMATIC FEVER, SCARLET FEVER

group D enterococci

uti and wound infections

s. aureus

food poisioning | osteo myelitis

strep. agalactiae (group B)

neonatal meninigitis and sepsis