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Microbiology > Micro Exam I > Flashcards

Micro Exam I Flashcards

1
Q

Group A Beta Strep

A 
Gram +
Beta Hemolytic
Catalase =
Bacitracin +
Camp =
PYR +
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2
Q

Group B Beta Strep

A 
Gram +
Beta Hemolytic
Catalase =
Bacitracin =
Camp  +
PYR =
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3
Q

Alpha Strep Viridians

A 
Gram +
Alpha Hemolytic
Catalase =
Bile Esculin =
NaCl broth =
Optochin =
PYR =
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4
Q

Strep pneumoiae

A 
Gram +
Alpha Hemolytic
Catalase =
Bile Esculin =
NaCl broth =
Optochin +
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5
Q

Strep Enterococcus

A 
Gram +
Gamma Hemolytic
Catalase =
Bile Esculin +
Nacl +
Optochin =
PYR +
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6
Q

Staph Aureus

A 
Gram +
Catalase +
Coagulase +
Mannitol +
DNase +
BactiStaph +
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7
Q

Staph epidermidis

A 
Gram +
Catalase +
Coagulase =
Mannitol =
DNase =
BactiStaph =
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8
Q

Branhamella (Moraxella) Catarrahlis

A

Gram =
Oxidase +
all sugar negative

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9
Q

Neisseria Gonorrhaea

A

Gram =
Oxidase +
Dextrose positive

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10
Q

Neisseria Lactamica

A

Gram =
oxidase +
sucrose =

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11
Q

Neisseria Meningitidis

A 
Gram =
oxidase +
dextrose +
lactose =
maltose +
sucrose =
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12
Q

Neisseria Sicca

A

gram =
oxidase +
lactose =

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13
Q

Ender of spontaneous generation controversy

A

pasteur

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14
Q

Pasteur developed technique of pasteurization using what product

A

wine

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15
Q

who was the first surgeon to control infection with an antiseptic

A

Lord Lister

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16
Q

who was the first person to demonstrate the role of bacteria in infectious diseases

A

koch

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17
Q

what group of infectious agents were discovered by examining bacterial-free filtrates

A

viruses

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18
Q

the concept of immunization was first demonstrated by

A

jenner

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19
Q

bacteremia

A

bacteria is present in blood

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20
Q

sepsis

A

bacteria is present in blood but also multiplying and producing toxins

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21
Q

virulence

A

ability of an organism to cause disease

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22
Q

carrier

A

host that harbors a pathogenic organism, no symptoms but can pass on disease

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23
Q

obligate pathogen

A

always causes disease

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24
Q

opportunistic pathogen

A

only causes disease when host is compromised

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25
Q

antiseptic

A

used on living tissue to stop organisms from reproducing

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26
Q

disinfectant

A

inhibits growth and reproduction of microorganisms not necessarily killing them

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27
Q

cell wall

A

confers shape
gram + organisms: more peptoglycane / less lipid
gram = orgn : less peptroglycane/ more lipid

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28
Q

cytoplasmic membrane

A

regulates transport membranes

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29
Q

mesosomes

A

may involve separation of nucleus during cell division

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30
Q

ribosomes

A

protein synthesis

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31
Q

pili

A

aid in attachment o surfaces composed of proteins

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32
Q

inclusions vacuoles

A

used for storage of cellular products and food reserve

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33
Q

nucleiod

A

genome of cell composed of DNA

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34
Q

amphitichous

A

one flagella at both ends

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35
Q

atrichous

A

no flagella

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36
Q

monotrichous

A

one flagella at each end

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37
Q

lophotrichous

A

more than one at one end

38
Q

peritrichous

A

all over the cell

39
Q

polar

A

same as monotrichous

40
Q

bacterial spore characteristic

A

resistant to drying
resistant to heat
resistant to chemical disinfectants and radiation
can withstand harsh environment
will germinate in environemtn favorable to the vegetative cell
not considered reproductive in bacteria

41
Q

prokaryotic

A

don’t have limiting membranes and have rigid cell wall

42
Q

eukaryotic

A

have limiting membranes

43
Q

what is the most specific basis for the taxonomy and classification of bacteria

A

nucleic acid and hemology

44
Q

exponential growth phase

A

where testing should occur **

bacterial numbers increase dramatically

45
Q

log phase

A

0-4 hours

cells enlarge but no division

46
Q

stationary phase

A

cell growth = cell death

47
Q

death phase

A

cell death > cell increase

48
Q

obligate aerobes

A

use only molecular oxygen as the final hydrogen acceptor in respiration

49
Q

organic compounds

A

final hydrogen acceptor in fermentation

50
Q

facultative

A

although is has a preference it can grow either way

51
Q

mesophiles

A

organism that grows best at body temperature

52
Q

streak plate method

A

most convenient method for obtaining a pure culture from a mixed culture

53
Q

mordant

A

salt of metal used to give dye an attachment point

54
Q

decolorizing agent

A

most critical step in gram stain

55
Q

which stains are used to demonstrate the presence of acid-fast bacteria

A

zeihl-neelsen
kinyoun method
fluorochrome method

56
Q

optimum cultivation of bacteria characteristics

A 
moisture
nutrition requirements
proper osmotic pressure
ph
incubation
tampurature
O2 availability
proper prep
57
Q

melting point of agar

58
Q

gelling point of agar

59
Q

sheep blood agar description

A

enriched differential when related to hemolysis

60
Q

several aspects of quality control program in micro

A

monitoring equipment media, anti-microbial susceptibility testing
reagents

61
Q

filtration

A

how to sterilze media that cannot withstand high tempuratures

62
Q

modes of action of disinfectants

A

denaturation of cellular protein
damage to DNA
reaction with thiol groups of enzymes

63
Q

isopropyl alcohol

A

whats used to prepare skin for venipuncture

64
Q

freshly prepared 10% chlorox

A

best disinfectant for hospital use

65
Q

characteristics for acceptable clinical specimen

A 
anatomical and surgical pathology blood cultures
earswab
eyeswab
sterile container
proper id
TIME RECEIVED
66
Q

how soon should all specimens be cultured

A

as soon as possible

67
Q

sterile body areas

A 
CSF
blood
joints
body cavities
gall bladder
stomach and duodenum
renal tract
middle ear
68
Q

nonsterile body areas

A 
skin
auditory canal
eye
mouth
throat
sputum
large bowel
vagina
69
Q

micrococcus

A

strict aerobe
nonpathogenic
rare in human body

70
Q

stephylococcus

A

aerobic
ferment glucose
clinically significant

71
Q

gaffyka

A 
yellow in tetrads
ferment glucose
cannot reduce NO3 to NO2
on skin and in upper RT
rare disease association
72
Q

sarcina

A

packets of 8
bright yellow
nonpathogenic

73
Q

peptococcus

A

obligate aerobes
URT and genitourinary tract
cause infection

74
Q

catalase test

A

test used to distinguish staph from strep

75
Q

tube coagulase test

A

test that determines between staph aureus and staph epi

76
Q

tube coagulase test tests for

A

free coagulase

77
Q

hyaluronidase

A

“spreading factor”

hydrolyzes intracellular matrix allowing organism to spread easily

78
Q

staph aureus entertoxin characteristics

A 
affinity for GI tract
food poisoning
heat stable
resistant to pepsin/trypsin
not destroyed by boiling
79
Q

bacteriophage typing

A

technique used to track down specific strain of staph aureus responsible for outbreak of infection in the nursery or OR

80
Q

staphylococcus diseases

A 
osteomyelitis
septic arthritis
bacteremia
meningitis
boils
pneumonia
SBE
81
Q

staph saprophyicus

A

resistant to novobiocin and nonhemolytic

grows up to p disc

82
Q

strep agalactiae

A

belongs to group b strep

83
Q

group d strep

A

responsible for uti and wound infections

84
Q

primary virulence factor

A

role of the capsule in infections due to strep pneumiae

85
Q

most common cause of SBE

A

alpha strep viridans

86
Q

which strain of streptococcus is associated with infections due to mycoplasma pneumoniae

87
Q

what is the reagent used for the oxidase test

A

oxidase reagenttetra methyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride

88
Q

what antibiotic’s are found in MTM

A

vancomysin - inhibits gram +
cholistine - inhibits gram = rods
niastatin - inhibits fungi

89
Q

infections caused by Neisseria honorrhaea

A

gonorrhea, arthritis, sepsis, neonatal opthalmia

90
Q

what specimen is used to detect carriers of Neisseria minigitidis

A

throat culture

91
Q

what enzyme is produced by strains of Neisseria that are resistant to penicillin

Microbiology (6 decks)

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