Rosh Review highlights Flashcards
Nephrogenic Diabetes insipidus can be caused by the medication?
Lithium
Myxedema is a life threatening condition of _______
with a classic presentation of these 3 s/sx?
Hypothyroidism
Hypotension, hypothermia, and bradycardia
Medication most appropriate to treat Myofascial pain syndrome
Cyclobenzaprine
Medication most appropriate indicated for fibromyalgia
Pregabalin
Tinea corporis is also known as ?
Ring worm
Opiate withdrawal symptoms may be achieved with what medication?
Clonidine and antiemetics
What class drug is the most frequent cause of poisoning leading to a variety of anticholinergic symptoms?
TCA (Amitriptyline)
Cholinergic Toxicity acronym for symptoms
SLUDGE
Salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation, GI cramps, emesis
Urge incontinence is classified as urinary urgency with inability to delay urination.
If behavioral approaches are not helpful, what is the next anticholinergic therapy ?
Oxybutinin or Tolterodine
A patient with salicylate toxicity from aspirin will present with what symptoms? what is the treatment?
Fever, tachypnea, diaphoresis, tinnitus and vertigo.
Tx- Sodium Bicarb (traps S-Acid in urine)
Meniere’s disease tetrad of symptoms?
Vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss.
What is the treatment for peritonsillar abscess?
ABX (Augmentin + Septra) and Needle Aspiration or I and D
which antibiotic is most appropriate fir otitis media on a child that has a history of rash with amoxicillin?
Cefdinir
Most common type of prostate cancer?
Adenocarcinoma
Oral Leukoplakia is associated with_____
Oral Hairy Leukoplakia is associated with_____
Oral Leukoplakia- 50%–> dysplasia of malignancy 2t Tobacco.
Oral Hairy Leukoplakia (tongue)- EBV or HIV
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa is susceptible to what cephalosporin?
Cefepime
Maintenance treatment of COPD patient group C (FEV<45%)?
Tiotropium (Lon acting anticholinergic)
Most common cardiac rhythm abnormality in Anorexia Nervosa?
Bradycardia
A patient US shows an empty gestational sac, and no fetal pole. HcG is at 1,000. What is the next treatment?
Repeat HcG after 48-72 hours
HcG < 1500 without IUP require conservative management.
Diabetic agent with increased risk of MI?
Thiozilidinediones (Rosiglitazone)
“Increases insulin sensitivity in fat and muscles”
medication that is indicated in patients with an acute coronary syndrome or hx of MI for anticoagulation therpay?
Ticagrelor (Not for Stroke)
medication considered in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation at low risk for stroke?
Aspirin
Common oral anticoagulant that specifically inhibits factor Xa, resulting in predictable anticoagulation
therefore requires no routine monitoring?
Apixaban
Cluster B patients are distinguished by what characteristics?
Dramatic, emotional, self destructive, and erratic
Cluster A patients are distinguished by what characteristics?
odd and eccentric
Cluster C patients are distinguished by what characteristics?
anxious and fearful
Nephrotic syndrome associated with Hodgkin’s and NHL?
Minimal change Nephrotic Syndrome
MC is associated with Good Pasture syndrome?
Rapid Progressive Glomerulonephritis
which medication is used in the long-term treatment of schistosomes infection?
Praziquantel
Which virus is Roseola Infantum associated with?
HHSV 6
Roseola Infantum is characterized by ?
High fever lasting 3-4 days that effervesces with the appearance of a rash.
Diabetes medication that cause hypoglycemia, pancreatitis, and is contraindicated in gastroparesis?
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1)
classic signs of malignant hyperthermia include muscle rigidity 2T increased Ca2+ accumulation (Succinylcholine) what is the treatment?
Dantrolene
A poorly HTN controlled patient with a throbbing headache and vision changes should not be treated with?
Triptan or Ergotamine (Adrenergic agonists)
includes ACS, PAD, cerebrovascular, or angina
Most common malignancy in men age 15-35?
Testicular cancer
MC pathogen in cat or dog bite?
Pasteurella Multocida
Pathogen responsible for cat scratch fever?
Bartonella Henselae
Other than aspirin, what medication should be avoided in children recovering from flu or chicken pox?
Bismuth subsalicylate
a rash that includes oral mucosa, lips, conjunctivae and genitals. Cause by ______ and ________
Sulfonamides, allopurinol and Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Steven-Johnson syndrome
Abruptio Placentae risk factors include?
HTN, trauma, and cocaine use
painful vaginal bleeding
Gold standard testing for herpes virus?
Viral culture and PCR
A patient with chronic ethanol usage should be admitted if presents the following what 3 symptoms?
Fever, tachycardia, and hyperextension.
carcinoid tumors triad?
diarrhea, rash, and flushing
MC use post partum depression medication with fewest side effects? (undetectable in infant serum)
Sertraline
Lead poisoning >____ requires chelation. Lead poison oral and IV treatment include ?
Chelation= >45
Succimer PO (IV EDTA)
Dupuytren contracture is associated with what disease?
Diabetes Mellitus
Treatment for acetaminophen toxicity
N-Acetylcysteine
hypertension treatment for cocaine toxicity
Benzodiazepines and Phentolamine
Alpha Thalassemia is more common in what race?
SE Asian descent
Thrombocytopenia, hyponatremia, rash, and arthralgias/myalgias think?
Rocky mountain Spotted fever
Antibiotics preferred to treat Bordetella Pertussis?
Macrolides
St John’s Wort is notoriously known for decreasing effects of ______ medication, causing_____?
Warfarin’ Ischemic Strokes
Rabies exposure requires Immunoglobulin treatment and ___ doses of inactivated rabies vaccine over ___
4 doses of vaccine over 14 days
Antidote for methanol?
Fomepizole
Oil of wintergreen contains what?
5G of salicylates
Antibiotics for AOM can be deferred if child is?
> /= 2 yoa or has mild-moderate symptoms
Gottron’s papules (knuckle violaceous papules, proximal muscle weakness, periorbital heliotrope rash
Think what disorder?
Polymyositis Dermatomyositis
MC pathogen of AOM in children?
H. Influenza
Staccato cough, afebrile, and hyperinflated or expanded lungs in a neonate 19 weeks or less think?
Chlamydial pneumoniae
Physical complaints from various organ systems that cause impairment.
Symptoms change, disorder is persistent.
Somatic Symptom Disorder
Purposely feigning illness using deception to attain goals.
Factitious Disorder
hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hyperpigmentation, abdominal pain w NV think what disorder?
Adrenal Insufficiency (Addison’s)
DTaP is given_____ age_____
TDaP is given______ age____
Both vaccines are acellular.
Before the age of 7
After the age of 7 (D comes before T)
2T sun exposure pearly papule lesion with rolled borders and telangiectasias?
MC type of skin cancer and Dx with shave biopsy
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Lesion is also 2T sun exposure presents as a non-healing indurated and ulcerated papule
“Central erosion or ulceration”
Squamous cell Carcinoma
Hyperextendable joints, long protruding ears, long face, prominent jaw, micro penis and large testicles
Fragile X syndrome
Why is peptic ulcer disease a RF for Nephrolithiasis ?
Increased use of acid antacids
Anterior uveitis, IBD, restrictive pulmonary disease, and back pain you think what?
Ankylosing spondylitis (HLA-B27)