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Meds > Rosedale > Flashcards

Rosedale Flashcards

1
Q

Eltroxin

A

Generic Name: Levothyroxine
Brand Name: Eltroxin, Levothroid, Levoxyl, Synthroid
Functional Class: Thyroid Hormone

Controls protein synthesis; increases metabolic rate, cardiac output, renal blood flow. O2 consumption, body temp., blood volume, growth, development at a cellular level via action on thyroid hormone receptors

Correction of lack of thyroid hormone

Hypothyroidism, myxedema coma, thyroid hormone replacement, thyrotoxicosis, congenital hypothyroidism, some types of thyroid cancer, pituitary TSH suppression

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2
Q

Lansoprazole

A

Generic Name: Lansoprazole
Brand Name: Prevacid, Prevacid SoluTab
Functional Class: Anti-ulcer proton pump inhibitor

Suppresses gastric secretion by inhibiting hydrogen/ potassium ATPase enzyme system in gastric parietal cell; characterized as gastric acid pump inhibitor since it blocks final step of acid production

Reduction in gastric pain, swelling, fullness

GERD, severe erosive esophagitis, poorly responsive systemic GERD, pathological hypersecretory conditions (Zollinger - Ellison syndrome, systemic mastocytosis, multiple endocrine adenomas); possibly effective for treatment of duodenal, gastric ulcers, maintenance of healed duodenal ulcers

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3
Q

Quetiapine

A

Generic Name: Quetiapine
Brand Name: Seroquel, Seroquel XR
Functional Class: Antipsychotic

Functions as an antagonist at multiple neurotransmitter receptors in the brain including 5-HT(1A), 5-HT (2), DOPamine, D1, D2, H1, adrenergic ∂1, ∂2 receptors

Decreased hallucinations and disorganized thought

Bipolar disorder, bipolar I disorder, depression, mania, schizophrenia

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4
Q

Salofalk

A

Generic Name: melamine, 5-ASA
Brand Name: Salofalk
Functional Class: GI anti-inflammatory

May diminish inflammation by blocking cyclooxygenase, inhibiting prostaglandin production in colon, local action only

Decreased cramping, pain in GI condition

Mild to moderate active distal ulcerative colitis, proctosigmoiditis, proctitis

Crohn’s Disease

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5
Q

Sennosides

A

Senokot

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6
Q

Trazodone

A

Generic Name: Trazodone
Brand Name: Oletpro
Functional Class: Antidepressant - misc.

Selectively inhibits serotonin, norepinephrine uptake by brain, potentiates behavioural changes

Decreased symptoms of depression after 2-3 weeks

Depression

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7
Q

Cyanocobalamin

A

Generic Name: Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)
Brand Name: Anacobin, Bedoz, Cyanabin
Functional Class: Vitamin B12, water-soluble vitamin

Needed for adequate nerve functioning, protein and carbohydrate metabolism, normal growth, RBC development and cell reproduction

Prevention, correction of vitamin B12 deficiency

Vit. B12 deficiency; pernicious anemia; VB12 malabsorption syndrome; Schilling test; increased requirements with pregnancy, thyrotoxicosis, hemolytic anemia, hemorrhage, renal and hepatic disease

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8
Q

Fluoxetine

A

Generic Name: Fluoxetine
Brand Name: Prozac, Sarafem
Functional Class: Antidepressant, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

Inhibits CNS neuron uptake of serotonin but not of norepinephrine

Decreased symptoms of depression after 2-3 weeks

Major depressive disorder, OCD, bulimia nervosa; SARAFEM: premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia

Alcoholism, anorexia nervosa, borderline personality disorder, obesity, post traumatic stress disorder

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9
Q

Meloxicam

A

Generic Name: Meloxicam
Brand Name: Mobic, Vivlodex
Functional Class: NSAID

Reduces hormones that cause pain and inflammation in the body

Pain/ inflammation caused by rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis

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10
Q

Isordil

A

Generic Name: Isosorbide dinitrate
Brand Name: Apo- ISDN, Dilatrate - SR, Isochren, IsoDitrate, Isordil
Functional Class: Antianginal, vasodilator

Relaxation of vascular smooth muscle, which leads to decreased preload, after load, thus decreasing left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, and systemic vascular resistance and reducing cardiac O2 demand

Relief and prevention of angina pectoris

Treat, prevention of chronic stable angina pectoris

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11
Q

Mirtazapine

A

Generic Name: Mirtazapine
Brand Name: Remeron, Remeron Soltab
Functional Class: Antidepressant

Blocks reuptake of norepinephrine, serotonin into nerve endings, increasing action of norepinephrine, serotonin in nerve cells; antagonist of central ∂2-receptors, blocks histamine receptors; has anticholinergic action

Decreased symptoms of depression after 2-3 weeks

Depression, dysthymic disorder, bipolar disorder: depression, agitated depression

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12
Q

Escitalopram

A

Generic Name: Escitalopram
Brand Name: Lexapro
Functional Class: Antidepressant, SSRI

Inhibits CNS neuron uptake of serotonin but not of norepinephrine

Decreased symptoms of depression

General anxiety disorder; major depressive disorder in adults/ adolescents

Panic disorder, social phobia, autism

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13
Q

Clopidogrel

A

Generic Name: Clopidogrel
Brand Name: Plavis
Functional Class: Platelet aggregation inhibitor

Inhibits first and second phases of ADP - induced effects in platelet aggregation

Decreased possibility of stroke, MI by decreasing platelet aggregation

Reducing the risk of stroke, MI, vascular death, peripheral arterial disease in high-risk patients, acute coronary syndrome, transient ischemic attack (TIA), unstable angina

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14
Q

Tamsulosin

A

Generic Name: Tamsulosin
Brand Name: Flomax
Functional Class: Selective ∂-adrenergic blocker, BPH agent

Binds preferentially to ∂ IA-adrenoceptor subtype located mainly in the prostate

Decreased symptoms of BPH

Symptoms of BPH

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15
Q

Diltiazem

*HIGH ALERT

A

Generic Name: Diltiazem
Brand Name: Cardizem, Cardizem CD, Cardizem LA, Cartia XT, Dilacor- XR, Dilt-CD, Diltia XR, Diltia XT, Diltzac, Taztia XT, Tiamate, Tiazac
Functional Class: CCB, antianginal, anti arrhythmic class IV, antihypertensive

Inhibits calcium ion influx across cel membrane during cardiac depolarization, produces relaxation of coronary vascular smooth muscle, dilates coronary arteries, slows SA/ AV node conduction times, dilates peripheral arteries

Decreased angina pectoris, dysrhythmias, BP

Oral: Angina pectoris due to hypertension, coronary artery spasm
Parenteral: A. Fib, flutter; paroxysmal supra ventricular tachycardia

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16
Q

Donepezil

A

Generic Name: Donepezil
Brand Name: Aricept, Aricept ODT
Functional Class: Anti-Alzheimer’s Agent

Elevates acetylcholine concentrations (cerebral cortex) by slowing degradation of acetylcholine released in cholinergic neutrons; does not alter underlying dementia

Decreased symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease

Treatment of mild to severe dementia in Alzheimer’s disease

Subcortical vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies

17
Q

Bisoprolol

A

Generic Name: Bisoprolol
Brand Name: Zebeta
Functional Class: Antihypertensive

Preferentially and competitively blocks stimulation of ß1-adrenergic receptor within cardiac muscle (decreased rate of SA node discharge, increases recovery time), slows conduction of AV node, decreases heart rate which decreases O2 consumption in myocardium; decreases renin-aldosterone-angiotensin system; inhibits ß2-receptors in bronchial and vascular smooth muscle at high doses

Decreased BP, HR

Mild to moderate hypertension

Stable angina, stable CHF

18
Q

Irbesartan

A

Generic Name: Irbesartan
Brand Name: Avapro
Functional Class: Antihypertensive

Blocks the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II; selectively blocks the binding of angiotensin II to the AT1 receptor found in tissues

Decreased BP

Hypertension, alone or in combination, nephropathy in patients with DM2; proteinuria

19
Q

Ergocalciferol

A

Generic Name: Vitamin D (cholecalciferol, vitamin D3 or ergocalciferol, vitamin D2)
Brand Name: VD, VD3, Radiostol, Calciferol
Functional Class: Vitamin D

Needed for regulation of calcium, phosphate levels; normal bone development; parathyroid activity; neuromuscular functioning

VD deficiency, rickets, renal osteodystrophy, hypoparathyroidism, hypophosphatemia, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis

20
Q

Midodrine

A

Used for treating hypotension

21
Q

Meloxicam

A

Used to treat hypertension

22
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide

A

Generic Name: Hydrochlorothiazide
Brand Name: Apo-Hydrol, Ezide, Neo-Codema
Functional Class: Diuretic, antihypertensive

Acts on the distal tubule in the kidney, increasing excretion of sodium, water, chloride, and potassium

Decreased BP, decreased edema in lung tissues peripherally

Edema, hypertension, diuresis, CHF; edema in corticosteroid, estrogen, NSAID therapy; idiopathic lower extremity edema therapy

23
Q

Pramipexole

A

Generic Name: Pramipexole
Brand Name: Mirapex, Mirapex ER
Functional Class: Antiparkinsonian agent

Selective agonist for D2 receptors (presynaptic/ postsynaptic sites); binding at D3 receptor contributes to antiparkinson effects

Decreased symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (involuntary movements)

Idiopathic Parkinson’s disease, restless leg syndrome

24
Q

Ramipril

A

Generic Name: Ramipril
Brand Name: Altace
Functional Class: Antihypertensive

Selectively suppresses renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; inhibits ACE; prevents conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II; results in dilation of arterial, venous vessels

Decreased BP in hypertension

Hypertension, alone or in combination with thiazide diuretics; CHF (after MI), reduction in risk of MI, stroke, death from CV disorders

25
Q

Ranitidine

A

Generic Name: Ranitidine
Brand Name: Equaline Heartburn Relief, Nu-Ranit, Top Care Heartburn Relief, Wal-Zan, Zantac, Zantac - C, Zantac EFFER-dose
Functional Class: H2 histamine receptor antagonist

Inhibits histamine at H2 receptor site in the gastric parietal cells, which inhibits gastric acid secretion

Healing of duodenal ulcers or gastric ulcers; prevention of duodenal ulcers; decreased symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, or heartburn

Short-term treatment of duodenal and gastric ulcers and maintenance, management of GERD, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, active duodenal ulcers with Helicobactor pylori in combination with clarithromycin, hypersecretory conditions, stress ulcers, erosive esophagitis (maintenance), systemic mastocystosis, multiple endocrine adenoma syndrome, heartburn

Prevention of aspiration pneumonitis, upper GI bleeding

26
Q

Enalapril

A

Generic Name: Enealapril/ Enalaprilat
Brand Name: Vaster
Functional Class: Antihypertensive

Selectively suppresses renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; inhibits ACE; prevents conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II; results in dilation of arterial, venous vessels

Decreased BP in hypertension; decreased preload, after load in CHF

Hypertension, CHF, left ventricular dysfunction

27
Q

Escitalopram

A

Generic Name: Escitalopram
Brand Name: Lexapro
Functional Class: Antidepressant, SSRI

Inhibits CNS neuron uptake of serotonin but not of norepinephrine

Decreased symptoms of depression

General anxiety disorder; major depressive disorder in adults/ adolescents

28
Q

Trihexyphenidyl

A

Trihexyphenidyl alters unusual nerve impulses and relaxes stiff muscles.

Trihexyphenidyl is used to treat the stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control of Parkinson’s disease. It is also used to treat and prevent the same muscular conditions when they are caused by drugs such as chlorpromazine (Thorazine), fluphenazine (Prolixin), perphenazine (Trilafon), haloperidol (Haldol), thiothixene (Navane), and others

29
Q

Cymbalta

A

Generic Name: Duloxetine
Brand Name: Cymbalta
Functional Class: Antidepressant, miscellaneous

Unknown, may potentiate serotoninergic, noradrenergic activity in the CNS. In studies duloxetine is a potent inhibitor of neuronal serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake

Decreased depression, decreased neuropathic pain

Major depressive disorder (MDD), neuropathic pain associated with diabetic neuropathy, generalized anxiety disorder, fibromyalgia, chronic low back pain, osteoarthritis pain

30
Q

Aggrenox

A

Aggrenox contains a combination of aspirin and dipyridamole. Aspirin belongs to a group of drugs called salicylates (sa-LIS-il-ates). It works by reducing substances in the body that cause pain, fever, and inflammation.

Dipyridamole keeps platelets in your blood from sticking together to form clots.

Aggrenox is used to reduce the risk of stroke in people who have had blood clots or a “mini-stroke” (also called a transient ischemic attack or TIA

31
Q

Bisoprolol

A

Generic Name: Bisoprolol
Brand Name: Zebeta
Functional Class: Antihypertensive

Preferentially and competitively blocks stimulation of B1-adrenergic receptor within cardiac muscle (decreases rate of SA node discharge, increases recovery time), slows conduction of AV node, decreases heart rate, which decreases O2 consumption in myocardium; decreases renin-aldosterone-angiotensin system; inhibits B2-receptors in bronchial and vascular smooth muscle at high doses

Decreases BP, heart rate

Mild to moderate hypertension

Stable angina, stable CHF

32
Q

Cetrizine

A

Generic Name: Cetrizine
Brand Name: Reactine
Functional Class: Antihistamine, peripherally selective (2nd generation)

Acts on blood vessels, GI, respiratory system by competing with histamine for H1- receptor site; decreases allergic response by blocking pharmacologist effects of histamine, minimal anticholinergic/sedative action

Absence of allergy symptoms, rhinitis, and chronic idiopathic urticaria

Rhinitis, allergy symptoms, and chronic idiopathic urticaria

33
Q

Losartan

A

Generic Name: Losartan
Brand Name: Cozaar
Functional Class: Antihypertensive

Blocks the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II; selectively blocks the binding of angiotensin II to the AT1 receptor found in tissues

Decreased BP

Hypertension, alone or in combination; neuropathy in type 2 diabetes, proteinuria, stroke prophylaxis in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy

34
Q

Cephalexin

A

Generic Name: Cephalexin
Brand Name: Keflex
Functional Class: Cephalosporin 1st Generation

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis, rendering cell wall osmotically unstable, leading to cell death by binding to cell wall membrane, lysis mediated by cell wall autolytic enzymes

Bactericidal effects of the following: gram-negative organisms Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae; gram-positive organisms Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus

Meds (6 decks)

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