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Botany > Roots > Flashcards

Roots Flashcards

0
Q

similarly sized roots; arise when radicle dies during or immediately after germination

A

Fibrous Root

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1
Q

Enumerate 3 functions of Root System

A
  1. Anchorage
  2. Absorption of water and minerals
  3. Production of hormones
    (cytokinin and gibberrelin)
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2
Q

Hypocotyl:

A

Cotyledons, Root hairs, radicle

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3
Q

zone of root cap which detects gravity and contains starch

A

columella

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4
Q

arise from epidermis; single celled; increases absorptive area

A

Root hairs

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5
Q

2 zones of root cap

A

Peripheral

columella

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6
Q

arise from main stem or trunk

A

Brace root

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7
Q

smaller and arise from tap root; multicellular; responsible for second growth for dicot

A

Lateral or branch roots

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8
Q

increases the absorptive and transport capacity of the roots.

A

Adventitious

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9
Q

the growing portion in length occur, which is protected by the root cap.

A

root tip

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10
Q

3 fnx of root cap

A
  1. Protects the root apical
  2. Produces mucigel
  3. for positive geotrophism
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11
Q

lubricates the passage of root through the soil

A

mucigel

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12
Q

contractile roots of bulbs like onions, gladiolus, garlic

A

Movement

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13
Q

Enumerate the 3 types of Root System

A
  1. Tap root
  2. Fibrous root
  3. Adventitious
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14
Q

arise from lateral branches

A

. Prop root

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15
Q

zone of root cap which protect and is composed of dead cells

A

Peripheral

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17
Q

diffusion through intercellular spaces

A

Apoplastic

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18
Q

mitotically inactive region of the root apical meristem; act as reserve of healthy cells ; resistant to toxic substances and radiations.

A

Quiescent center

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19
Q

causes the soil to release nutrient ions and permits diffusion to the roots

A

Root cap

20
Q

zone where Root hairs grows outward and the most significant activity is the
transfer of mineral from the
epidermis to the vascular
bundle

A

Zone of maturation

21
Q

modified roots that provide support

A

Brace, Prop, Clinging, Buttress

22
Q

specialized roots that is for water retention

A

Velamen in aeria roots of orchids

23
Q

Stele or Vascular Cylinder: consists of: (4)

A

Pericycle
Primary phloem
vascular cambium
primary xylem

24
Q

site of lateral root growth

A

Pericycle

25
Q

layer before the stele of the root

controls the passage of minerals accross V. tissues

A

Endodermis

26
Q

Type of Stele

A

Protostele - dicot (w/o pith)

Siphonostele - monocot (w/ pith)

27
Q

Endodermis consists of:

A
  1. thick walled cells (suberin and lignin)

2. Passage cells

29
Q

zone in root tip where cells begin to differentiate into visible pattern and where there is no cell maturation happening

A

Zone of elongation

30
Q

after ___ tap root becomes the largest root in the system

A

germination

32
Q

shows outer zone of collenchyma middle zone of parenchyma and innermost endodermis

A

CORTEX

33
Q

Type of stele which is a band of vascular tissues surroundinig a parenchymatous pith

A

Siphonostele

34
Q

modified roots that is for aeration

A

Pneumatophores

35
Q

diffusion through plasma membrane and enters the protoplasm (osmosis)

A

Symplastic

36
Q

where does tap root develop in the embryonic root ?

A

radicle

38
Q

Zone which is protected by thick layer of cell

Rapidly dividing cell

A

Zone of Cell Division

38
Q

Pith is present

A

Monocot

38
Q

it destroys the cells of the cortex and epidermis that lie in its path

A

lateral root

39
Q

Specialized roots for absorption

A

Parasitic (haustorial roots)

40
Q

modified roots that is photosynthetic

A

Green aerial root

40
Q

modified roots that provide food storage

A

Enlarged, fleshy, succulent root

41
Q

Largest region is cortex (monocot or dicot)

A

MOnocot

41
Q

Specialized roots for photosynthesis

A

Chlorophyllous roots

42
Q

association between a soil fungus and roots

A

Mycorrhizae

43
Q

expanded roots for great support, upper side grows faster than the lower side.

A

Buttress

44
Q

examples of Enlarged fleshy tap root

A

carrots, ube, tugue, radish, turnips

Botany (9 decks)

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