Roots

Question 0

How are root and stem tips different?

Answer 0

Roots have a root cap, root hairs, pericycle and endodermis

Question 1

How are root and stem tips similar?

Answer 1

Organization of root apical meristem has same zones of growth
The same tissues are present

Question 2

What is the function of the root cap?

Answer 2

Protect the apical meristem

Question 3

What is the central tissue of the root

Answer 3

Xylem and phloem

Question 4

Is the same central tissue present in the root also found in the central region of a herbaceous stem?

Answer 4

No in dicot stems (and monocots stem and root) the center contains parenchyma
In dicot roots the center contains xylem

Question 5

What is the positional relationship between the primary xylem and primary phloem?

Answer 5

Xylem occupies the center of the root with arms extending to the pericycle
Phloem occupies the concave regions formed by xylem in young roots

Question 6

Where is the cambium meristem locate with respect to the primary xylem an phloem?

Answer 6

Between the xylem and phloem

Question 7

How is the organization of vascular tissue in roots different from the organization Of vascular tissue in stems?

Answer 7

In stems the vascular bundles are random in monocots and in a ring on dicots, but xylem is toward center and phloem towards the outside
In roots xylem is in an “x” in dicots and is in a ring in monocots

Question 8

Explain the difference between the biotic and abiotic pathways for water movement through the root

Answer 8

Biotic moves through living parts and abiotic through non-living parts

Question 9

What is the major chemical compound found in the Casparian strip?

Answer 9

Suberin

Question 10

Is the compound hydrophilic or hydrophobic?

Answer 10

Hydrophobic

Question 11

What is the function of the endodermis?

Answer 11

Regulate lateral movement of water and polar compounds

Question 12

What cell type forms the root hairs?

Answer 12

Epidermis

Question 13

Is the root hair a separate cell or an extension of another cell?

Answer 13

Extension of epidermis

Question 14

What is the function of the root hair?

Answer 14

Increase surface area

Collect nutrients

Question 15

In which growth zone are the root hairs found?

Answer 15

Maturation

Question 16

From what tissue do lateral roots arise?

Answer 16

Pericycle

Question 17

Do lateral roots have an apical meristem, zones of growth, and root hairs?

Answer 17

Yes

Question 18

Compare and contrast lateral root origin to the origin of stem branches

Answer 18

Lateral roots come from the pericycle ad stem branches come from…

Question 19

How do bacteria gain entrance into the root tissue?

Answer 19

Through root hairs by inducing the pericycle

Question 20

Where are the bacteria found before they infect the root?

Answer 20

Soil

Question 21

Do the bacteria fix nitrogen when they are outside the root?

Answer 21

Yes

Question 22

What does the term anaerobic mean?

Answer 22

Grows in the absence of oxygen

Question 23

Does the rate of nitrogen fixation increase or decrease under anaerobic conditions?

Answer 23

Increase

Question 24

What is the function or leghemoglobin in the root nodule?

Answer 24

Bind and restrict oxygen

Question 25

How are rot nodules like lateral roots?

Answer 25

Both from the pericycle

Question 26

What does the plant receive in this symbiotic association?

Answer 26

Ammonia

Question 27

What does the bacteria receive in this symbiotic association?

Answer 27

A home

Question 28

What are the root modifications?

Answer 28

Aerial root
Prop root
Storage root
Root nodule

Question 29

What are the adventitious roots?

Answer 29

Aerial and prop roots

Question 30

What is the function of aerial roots?

Answer 30

Attachment and support

Question 31

What is the function of prop roots?

Answer 31

Support and anchorage

Question 32

What is the central cylinder or root?

Answer 32

Stele