Leaves Flashcards
What is the origin of the secondary veins?
From the main vein
In a coleus leaf can you see other veins, such as secondary veins?
Yes
What is netted pinnate veination?
Main veins arranged in branching pattern and form a network
Name another plant besides coleus with netted pinnate veination?
Marigold
What is netted palmate veination?
Main veins arise from a single common point then branch to form a network
What is a node?
Site when leaf is attached to the stem
How are nodes related to leaf arrangement?
One node = alternate
Two nodes = opposite
3+ nodes = whorled
How does the upper leaf surface differ from the lower leaf surface of a magnolia?
Upper is waxy and lower is fuzzy
What is cutin?
Material that makes up the cuticle
What is a cuticle?
An external waxy layer that slows evaporation and shedding of water
Are petioles and ancillary buds present in corn?
No
Is the blade present in monocots?
Yes
What is a sheath?
Attaches the blade to the stem
What is the function of a sheath?
Protection
Act as a stem
Move carbs from leaves to stem
The sheathi n monocots is analogous to what structure in dicots?
Petiole
Describe the venation pattern of a monocot leaf?
Main veins are parallel to each other
Can monocots and dicots be distinguished based on venation?
Yes, dicots have netted venation and monocots have parallel venation
Can you find guard cells in the epidermis?
Yes, but only in lower epidermis
Is a cuticle presents on either epidermis
Yes
What is the function of the cuticle?
Slow evaporation
Sheds water
Ashley said “reduce transpiration”
Do guard cells contain chloroplasts?
Yes
Is the wall the guard cell evenly thick throughout? Explain.
Yes, it borders where the nucleus and chloroplasts are held
If turf or pressure increases in the guard cells, will the stomates be open or closed?
Stomates open
What gases that are exchanged through the stomate?
Water vapor
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Describe the shape of the epidermal cells
Stratified simple squamous epithelium
Do the epidermal cells contain chloroplasts?
No
Xerophyte leaves are adapted for what environmental conditions?
Dry conditions
What modifications are present in xerophyte leaves that permit them to tolerate these environmental conditions?
Cuticle
Additional epidermis layers
Sunken stomates
Hydrophyte leaves are adapted for what environmental conditions?
Wet conditions
What modifications are present in hydrophyte leaves that permit them to tolerate these environmental conditions?
Thin epidermis
Large spaces
What are the eight leaf modifications?
Bract Bud scales Bulb Spines Stipule Succulent Insect trap Reproductive
What is the function of a bract? Name an example
Reproduction
Poinsettia
What is the function of bud scales? Name an example plant
Protection
terminal bud
What is an example of an insect trap? Name an example plant
Feeding
Pitcher plant
What is the function of spines? Name an example
Protection
Cactus
What is the function of the stipule? Name an example?
Photosynthesis and protection
Rose
What is the function of a bulb? Name an example
Storage
Onion
What is the function of a succulent? Name an example
Storage
Aloe
What is the function of a reproductive leaf?
Reproduction
Which type of cell does palisade mesophyll consist of?
Parenchyma
What type of cell does spongy mesophyll consist of?
Parenchyma
