root of the neck Flashcards
boundaries of root of neck
post- body T1, head and neck of first rib
lat- body first rib
ant- distal portion first rib, articulation of first rib w/manubrium
mm of root of neck
ant, middle, and post scalene
longus capitis
longus coli
nn of root of neck
sympathetic trunk superior cervical gangla middle cervical ganglion vertebral ganglion inferior cervical ganglion brachial plexus X phrenic accessory phrenic
viscera of root of neck
cupula of lung esophagus trachea thoracic duct right lymphatic duct
vessels of root of neck
subclavian a and brr
subclavian, internal jugular, and brachiocephalic vv
ant scalene
ant tubercles of transverse processes of CV3-6
scalene tubercle of first rib
elevated 1st rib, sidebends and rotates opposite side, bilaterally flexes VC
ventral rami spinal nn C5-7
middle scalene
post tubercles of transverse processes of CV2-7
1st rib post to groove for subclavian
elevates 1st rib, sidebends and rotates cervical column, both sides acting flexes VC
ventral rami spinal nn C3-8
post scalene
posterior tubercles of transverse processes CV5-7
outer surface rib 2
elevates rib 2, sidebends and rotates cervical column, bilaterally flexes VC
ventral rami from brachial plexus C7-8
longus capitis
ant tubercles of transverse processes CV3-6
inf surface, basilar portion occipital bone
flexes head and neck
ventral rami C1-4
longus colli
upper portion- extends from an surface of vertebral bodies above to transverse processes below
lower portion- extends from ant surfaces of vertebral bodies below to transverse processes above
connect posteriorly
flexes neck and assists in rotation, upper fibers same side, lower fibers opposite side
ventral rami C2-7
bifurcation of brachiocephalic a
posterior to SC joint
superior cervical ganglion
fused cervical ganglia of C1-4
located on ant surface of longus capitis m
provides all post-ganglionic sympathetics to head
therefore NO POSTGANGLIONIC SYMPATHETICS IN HEAD
nn from superior cervical ganglion
internal carotid brr into: gray rami commincanes to spinal nn C1-4 external carotid n pharyngeal brr -> pharyngeal plexus superior cervical cardiac n
caroticotympanic plexus
on promontory of middle ear in conjunction w/ VII and IX
deep petrosal n
w/greater petrosal n forms the n of pterygoid canal
sympathetic portion passes thru pterygopalatine ganglion w/out synapsing distributes via brr of V2 to mucosa of nasal cavities, palate, and upper pharynx
cavernous plexus
located on carotid siphon provides fibers to to CNIII to form sympathetic root of ciliary ganglion
fibers continue w/o synapsing course w/ short ciliary nn to eye and innervate dilator pupillae m and vessels
external carotid n
forms plexus on external carotid a and its brr thereby delivering postganglionic sympathetics to vessels, salivary, oral, and labial glands, and carotid body
pharyngeal brr
join pharyngeal brr of IX and X to form pharyngeal plexus which innervates mucosa and blood vessels of pharynx and larynx
superior cervical cardiac nerve
descends in neck to join cardiac plexus of throax
middle cervical ganglion
fused cervical ganglion of C5,6
located near inf thyroid a as it arches post to carotid sheath
nn of middle cervical ganglion
gray rami C5,6
middle cervical cardiac n
ansa subclavia
middle cervical cardiac n
largest of sympathetic cardiac nn to cardiac plexus
ansa subclavia
fibers from middle cervical or vertebral ganglion which wrap around teh ant surface of subclavian a MEDIAL to thyrocervical trunk and X to rejoin inf cervical ganglion
vertebral ganglion
located near base of vertebral a
participates w/inf cervical ganglion in providing postganglionic fibers to form vertebral plexus which courses superiorly on vertebral a
may contribute to ansa subclavia
inferior cervical ganglion
represents fused ganglia of C7,8
may be fused w/first thoracic ganglion to form a cervicothoracic or stellate ganglion
nn of inferior cervical ganglion
gray rami to C7-T1 and to vertebral plexus
inferior cardiac nerve to cardiac plexus
vasomotor to subclavian and inf thyroid aa via thyrocervical trunk
fibers which join recurrent laryngeal
phrenic n
descends on ant surface of ant scalene m parallel to ascending cervical br of thyrocervical trunk
crossed by transverse cervical and suprascapular aa
enters thorax medial to ant scalene btwn subclavian a and v
cupola of lung
extends superior to ant border of 1st rib where it is covered by parietal pleura and sibsons fascia, a thickening of prevertebral fascia on the underside of scalenes
esophagus
post and to the left of the trachea at the root of the neck
trachea
posterior to manubrium on midline at root of neck
thoracic duct
enters root of neck btwn left border of esophagus and cervical pleura
passes behind carotid sheath
arches over cupola of left lung and enters left jugulovenous angle
along cervical course it may receive:
left jugular, transverse cervical, subclavian, and broncho-mediatinal trunks
right lymp duct
composed of right subclavian and right jugular which returns lymph from right upper limb, right side of head and face, and from right half of thorax to right jugulovenous angle
