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neuro exam 1 > posterior and anterior triangles > Flashcards

posterior and anterior triangles Flashcards

1
Q

posterior triangle boundaries

A 
Roof- cervical investing fasica
floor- prevertebral fasica covering scalenes, levator scapulae, splenius capitis, semispinalis
ant- posterior SCM
post- Trap
inf- clavicle
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2
Q

posterior triangle contents

A

external jugular v and tributaries
cutaneous nn of cervical plexus, lesser occipital, great auricular, transverse cervical, supraclavicular
XI
brachial plexus
inf belly of omohyoid
3rd portion of subclavian a,transverse cervical, suprascapular a, dorsal scapular, and occipital aa
deep cervical lymph nodes

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3
Q

XI

A

exits jugular foramen btwn internal carotid a and internal jugular v
passed post and lat to v to enter medial superior aspect of SCM innervating it
exits SCM on medial posterior surface to cross posterior triangle to trap to form subtrapezial plexus

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4
Q

subtrapezial plexus

A

XI, C3,4

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5
Q

brr of brachial plexus in neck

A 
dorsal scapular C5
accessory phrenic C5
n to subclavius C5,6
suprascapular n C5,6
long thoracic n C5,6,7
direct brr to scalenes from C5-8
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6
Q

dorsal scapular n

A

C5

passes thru middle scalene to gain ventral surface of levator scapulae to descend to rhomboids

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7
Q

accessory phrenic n

A

C5

descends to parallel phrenic n on lat surface of ant scalene

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8
Q

n to subclavius

A

from upper trunk (C5-6)

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9
Q

suprascapular n

A

arises from jnx of C5,6

thru scapular notch to innervate supra and infraspinatus

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10
Q

long thoracic n

A

C5,6,7

serratus anterior

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11
Q

occipital a

A

5th br of external carotid

passes from behind SCM at apex of posterior triangle and ascends to supply posterior scalp

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12
Q

transverse cervical and suprascapular aa

A

brr of thyrocervical trunk cross post triangle inferiorly deep to inf belly of omohyoid

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13
Q

transverse cervical a

A

eventually exits the post triangle by passing deep to trap while supplying it

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14
Q

3rd portion subclavian a

A

lat to ant scalene located in extreme ant inf extent of post triangle
passes btwn ant and middle scalenes w/brachial plexus trunks invested in prevertebral fascia (axillary sheath)

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15
Q

deep cervical nodes

A

in post triangle deep to investing fascia
accessory nodes parallel XI
transverse cervical nodes parallel transverse cervical a

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16
Q

accessory nodes

A

lymph from superficial (to investing fascia) nodes of head including
occipital nodes and retroauricular nodes

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17
Q

transverse cervical nodes

A

lymph from
post thorax under trap
accessory nodes
lateral neck
upper ant thoracic wall including mammary gland and some axillary
drain to inferior deep cervical nodes into internal jugular or subclavian

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18
Q

boundaries of ant triangle

A

roof- investing cervical fascia
floor- structural components of visceral compartment of neck
ant- line from symphysis menti to sternal notch
post- ant border of SCM
sup- inf margin of mandible

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19
Q

suprahyoid mm

A

diagastric
stylohyoid
mylohyoid

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20
Q

infrahyoid mm

A

sternohyoid
sternothyroid
thyrohyoid
omohyoid

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21
Q

digastric

A

ant belly- diagastric fossa of mandible
post belly- mastoid notch of temporal bone
hyoid bone via fascial sling from intermediate tendon
elevates hyoid and base of tongue, assists in opening mouth
ant belly- mylohyoid n V3
post belly- diagastric br of VII

22
Q

stylohyoid

A

posterior base of styloid process
body of hyoid
elevates and retracts hyoid and base of tongue
digastric brr of facial

23
Q

mylohyoid

A

mylohyoid line both sides of mandible
midline raphe from symphysis menti to body of hyoid
elevates hyoid and floor of mouth, when hyoid fixed depresses mandible
mylohyoid n V3

24
Q

sternohyoid

A

post surface of manubrium at SC joint, clavicle, and post SC lig
hyoid
depress hyoid and larynx
ansa cervicalis of cervical plexus

25
sternothyroid
post surface of manubrium inf to sternohyoid oblique line of thyroid cartilage depress larynx ansa cervicalis of cervical plexus
26
thyrohyoid
oblique line of thyroid cartilage inf margin of body and greater horn of hyoid depress hyoid and tongue when larynx is fixed from below, elevates larynx when hyoid is fixed from above C1 via hypoglossal n
27
omohyoid
superior belly- inf margin greater horn of hyoid inf belly- sup margin of scapula near notch and suprascapular lig via fascial sling of infrahyoid fascia to clavicle and first rib stabalizes, retracts, and depresses hyoid and larynx ansa cervicalis of cervical plexus
28
thyroid gland
post to sternohyoid and sternothyroid mm limited above by attachment of sternothyroid to oblique line of thyroid cartilage extends below to 6th tracheal ring isthmus crosses 2-4 tracheal rings encapsulated by pretracheal fascia which attaches to cricoid via medial fascial extension medially contacts trachea, recurrent laryngeal nn, and esophagus limited lat by carotid sheath
29
superior thyroid a
1st br of external carotid courses along sup medial margin of thyroid gland brr include -superior larygeal -anterior br -post br minor brr to strap mm, SCM, inf constrictors, and esophagus
30
superior laryngeal a
pierces thyrohyoid membrane w/internal laryngeal n to provide brr to interior of larynx
31
inferior thyroid a
br of thyrocervical trunk ascends along medial border of ant scalene passes behing carotid sheath and sympathetic trunk at level of thyroid cartilage middle cervical ganglion rests on it provides brr to pharynx, larynx, and esophagus before supplying post inf thyroid anastomoses w/post brr of superior thyroid
32
thryoid ima a
variable (10%) unpaired br of brachiocephalic or directly from aortic arch ascends ventral surface of trachea to gain access to thyroid isthmus anastamos w/inf thyroid aa problematic in surgery
33
superior thyroid vv
drains to internal jugular vv
34
middle thyroid vv
drain lateral surface of gland directly to internal jugular v
35
inf thyroid vv
drain inf gland, esophagus, larynx, trachea, descend on surface of trachea to brachiocephalic vv, may fuse to form single thryoid ima v, usually draining to left brachiocephalic v
36
thyroid lymph
interlobar lymphatics coalesce to from subcapsular plexus from here channels ascend and descend to nodes such as pre-laryngeal pre-tracheal para-tracheal sup and inf deep cervical
37
innervation of thyroid
preganglionic sympathetics arise from spinal cord T1-4 to ascend in symp chain synpase in sup, middle, and inf cervicothoracic ganglia
38
cerviocthoracic ganglia
sup, middle, and inf | postganglionics leave as sympathetic cardiac nn, sup andi nf laryngeal nn
39
cervical portion of trachea
continuation of airway below cricoid cartilage of larynx cervical portion accounts for approximately one-half of total length rings closed posteriorly by trachealis m
40
ant to trachea
ishtmus of thyroid gland (rings 2-4), sternothyroid, sternohyoid, inferior thryoid v, jugulovenous arch
41
lat to trachea
lobes of thyroid gland, carotid sheath,
42
post to trachea
esophagus, recurrent laryngeal nn
43
lymph of trachea
juxtavisceral nodes: - pretracheal - para-tracheal - inf deep cervical
44
innervation of trachea
symp directly from symp trunk | para from vagus and recurrent laryngeal nn
45
esophagus
extends inf from inf border of cricoid cartilage opposite 6th cervical vertebra located in midline it inclines to the left as it descends thru neck mm of cervical portion striated
46
ant to esophagus
trachea, recurrent laryngeal
47
lat to esophagus
thyroid gland, carotid sheath, thoracic duct on left
48
post to esophagus
pre-vertebral fascia over prevertebral mm and VC
49
blood supply to cervical esophagus
inf thyroid aa and vv
50
lymph of esophagus
paratracheal and inf deep cervical lymph nodes
51
innervation of esophagus
symp trunk | para from recurrent laryngeal nn

neuro exam 1 (9 decks)

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