Root anatomy, morphology and function

Question 1

what meristem is behind the rootcap?

Answer 1

apical meristem

Question 2

what are the three tissues the apical meristem produces?

Answer 2

protoderm, ground meristem and procambium

Question 3

what is the function of the rootcap

Answer 3

protects the apical meristem as roots push through the soil

Question 4

Are cells continuously sloughed off in the root cap as the roots push the ground (True/False)

Answer 4

True

Question 5

what region in the root perceives gravity

Answer 5

root cap

Question 6

plastid that is found in the root cap that act as gravity sensors

Answer 6

amyloplasts

Question 7

what meristem produces the rootcap

Answer 7

apical meristem

Question 8

gives rise to an outer layer of cells that is called the epidermis

Answer 8

protoderm

Question 9

produces parenchyma cells to the inside of the cortex

Answer 9

ground meristem

Question 10

produces primary xylem and primary phloem

Answer 10

procambium

Question 11

absent in most dicots, produces the pith and cortex

Answer 11

ground meristem

Question 12

4 regions that are in roots

Answer 12

root cap, cell division, cell elongation, cell maturation

Question 13

protective layer on root

Answer 13

root cap

Question 14

located behind the root cap, includes apical meristem (protoderm, ground meristem and procambium)

Answer 14

region of cell division

Question 15

located behind the region of cell division, roots lengthen

Answer 15

region of elongation

Question 16

located above the region of elongation, primary tissues mature into secondary tissues and where root hairs are formed

Answer 16

region of maturation

Question 17

what are the three types of tissue found in roots

Answer 17

epidermis, cortex, endodermis

Question 18

lacks a stomata and cuticle, outer absorbing surface

Answer 18

root epidermis

Question 19

thin walled parenchyma cells found to the inside of the epidermis.

Answer 19

cortex

Question 20

loosely packed to allow for water and minerals to move through without entering the cells

Answer 20

cortex

Question 21

functions in food storage

Answer 21

cortex

Question 22

protective layer, lined with suberin slows water and nutrient loss from the root.

Answer 22

hypodermis

Question 23

slows water and nutrient loss from the root, hypodermal cells are lined with this

Answer 23

suberin

Question 24

what are the two pathways that water and nutrients can travel through the root

Answer 24

apoplastic and symplastic

Question 25

movement through cell walls and intercellular places

Answer 25

apoplastic

Question 26

movement through living cells

Answer 26

symplastic

Question 27

innermost layer of the cortex, single layer cells that form a boundary between the cortex and vascular cylinder.

Answer 27

endodermis

Question 28

Endodermal cells fit tightly together and are boarded on 4 sides by a waxy strip called the

Answer 28

casparian strip

Question 29

suberized cell walls creates a barrier for the movement of substances within the root, preventing material from moving between adjacent cells

Answer 29

casparian strip

Question 30

what structure only provides access to the vascular cylinder and restricts movement between adjacent cells

Answer 30

casparian strip

Question 31

Endodermal cells that fit tightly together and are boarded on 4 sides by a waxy strip

Answer 31

casparian strip

Question 32

what are the two types of vascular tissue

Answer 32

xylem and phloem

Question 33

if the cambium is present, there is a gradual increase in girth in the region of elongation through the addition of

Answer 33

secondary tissues

Question 34

what is produced by the cambium

Answer 34

secondary tissues

Question 35

what develops from the epidermal cells that allow the plant to absorb water and minerals

Answer 35

root hairs

Question 36

in dicots where do lateral or branch roots arise from

Answer 36

pericycle

Question 37

in dicots what surrounds the vascular tissue

Answer 37

pericycle

Question 38

in dicots the solid star shape is the “ and the “” is located between the arms of the “”

Answer 38

xylem, phloem, xylem

Question 39

In, plants undergoing secondary growth the pericycle generates the “” which is found between the “” and “”

Answer 39

vascular cambium, xylem, phloem

Question 40

In monocots, a ring of alternating bundles of xylem and phloem surround the “” which is “” located in the center of the root.

Answer 40

pith, ground tissue

Question 41

In monocots, there is no “” present to produce secondary growth

Answer 41

vascular cambium