Primary tissues Flashcards
Two seeded leaves
Dicots
netted leaf veins
Dicots
flower parts in 4s and 5s
Dicots
primary taproot
Dicots
stem vascular bundles are arranged in a ring
Dicots
over 50 % are woody
Dicots
one seed leaf
monocots
parallel leaf veins
monocots
flower parts in 3s
monocots
fibrous root system
monocots
stem vascular bundles scattered
monocots
less than 10 % are woody
monocots
tissue that contains actively dividing cells
meristem
what are the 4 types of meristem
apical meristem, axillary meristem, lateral meristem, intercalary meristem
In a dicot, the top of the plant has a blank meristem
apical meristem
In a dicot that is vegetative, the apical meristem produces
leaves
In a dicot that is reproductive, the apical meristem produces
flowers
the apical meristem is a primary meristem, which through cell division adds to shoot length. (True/False)
True
the apical meristem are found at the tips of roots and shoots (True/False)
True
The type of growth is called primary growth, and there are three primary meristems. What are they?
protoderm, ground meristem, and procambium
The three primary meristems develop from apical meristems and are known as the protoderm, ground meristem and procambium. What do they produce?
primary tissues
In a dicot, between the leaf petiole and the stem there is an
axillary bud
In a dicot, the axillary bud can produce
axillary branch or flowers
In dicots, the axillary buds remain under what hormonal control
auxins
what meristem is found at the tips of roots to add length
apical meristem
In a vegetative monocot, the apical meristem is found
close to soil level
In a vegetative monocot, the apical meristem produces
leaves inserted at nodes
In a monocot grasses, leaves consist of a “” and “”. There is an “” in each leaf axial which can give rise to a “”
blade, sheath, axillary bud, tiller
what meristem do most monocots have?
intercalary meristem
where do intercalary meristems occur in monocot grasses
nodes
what do intercalary meristems do in monocot grasses
extends the culm
what type of length do intercalary meristems provide to monocot grasses
longitudinal growth
the intercalary meristem is also responsible for leaf growth. where would you see this leaf growth
the region between the leaf blade and leaf sheath
what happens when the grass plant goes from vegetative to reproductive
apical meristem stops producing leaves and turns into flowering structures. internodes elongate and flowers are push up on the culm
what do grasses and related plant not have?
Lateral meristems which are vascular cambium and cork cambium
what do grasses and related plants have?
apical meristems and intercalary meristems
what are two cambiums associated with increasing the girth of roots and stems
vascular cambium and cork cambium
what type of growth is lateral meristems
secondary growth
what does the vascular cambium produce
vascular tissue, secondary phloem and secondary xylem
in woody plants what does the cork cambium produce
produces the outer bark
what do secondary meristems do?
add to stem and root girth
why are the vascular cambium and cork cambium considered secondary tissues
produced after the primary tissues have matured
what gives rise to the three types of tissues that contribute to the primary growth and lengthening of the plant
apical meristem
forms the epidermis of a growing root or shoot.
protoderm
forms the cortex or the main bulk of a plant. consists of parenchyma cells, collenchyma cells (alive at maturity) and sclerenchyma cells (dead at maturity)
ground meristem
produces the vascular tissue that consist of xylem and phloem
procambium
cells that can be differentiated, important for when the plant is damaged and are alive
parenchyma cells
when you take a cutting of a plant, what cell starts to produce new roots, and are alive
parenchyma cells
cells walls are thicker that parenchyma cells and are alive, provides support and structure
collenchyma
normally has lignin, dead at maturity provides structural support
sclerenchyma
two cells consisting of sclerenchyma
sclereids and fibers
what meristem has parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma
ground meristem
