Rome Flashcards
What were the results of the Punic Wars?
- Romans organized their conquered peoples into provinces.
- The Roman Senate appointed governors to the provinces to serve as chief military & civil leaders.
- The provinces had to pay Rome tribute of money or grain.
- Slavery increased, leading to a need for city jobs.
- Rome provided order and protection, but the rich got richer and the poor got poorer.
- Farmers left to be soldiers and returned to ruined farms.
- Many had to sell their farms and now had no food.
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Who was Marius?
Marius was a military hero who reorganized the Roman army and allowed poor citizens to enlist for long terms of service.
Who was Sulla?
Sulla was a general appointed by the Senate who declared himself dictator and was hated by the people but supported by the Senate.
Who did the Senate support in the rivalry between Marius and Sulla?
The Senate supported Sulla.
Who did the people support in the rivalry between Marius and Sulla?
The people supported Marius.
What was the outcome of the rivalry between Marius and Sulla?
Sulla won the rivalry and became popular among the people.
Who was part of the 1st Triumvirate?
The 1st Triumvirate included Crassus, Pompey, and Julius Caesar.
What was Crassus known for?
Crassus was a wealthy military leader who commanded in Asia Minor and stopped a slave revolt in Syria.
What was Pompey known for?
Pompey was a military leader who was popular among Romans and got rid of the pirates and rode the Mediterranean Sea.
What was Julius Caesar known for?
Julius Caesar was a military leader who was the gov. Of Gaul(France) and became a dictator for the rest of his life.
What did Julius Caesar do to help the Roman Empire?
He became dictator for life, improved schools, libraries, and public works, and unified Rome, strengthening its bonds.
What did Julius Caesar do to upset the Senate?
He amassed power and wealth, leading to his dictatorship.
What events led to the Pax Romana?
The events that led to this were Octavian becoming dictator and Julius Caesar’s death.
Who was Cicero?
Cicero was a philosopher, lawyer, and member of the Senate, considered the greatest Roman orator.
Who was Virgil?
Virgil was a Roman poet who wrote the Aeneid.
What is the Colosseum and what was it used for?
The Colosseum was used for the Olympics, gladiatorial contests, and other public spectacles.
What is the Pantheon and what was it used for?
The Pantheon is an ancient Roman temple dedicated to all the gods.
What do Epicureans believe about the nature of existence?
Epicureans believed that everything, including gods and people’s souls, was made up of atoms.
What is the goal of life according to Epicureanism?
The goal of life is pleasure.
What does Stoicism teach about Fate?
Stoicism teaches that Fate governs all things.
What should people focus on according to Stoicism?
People should not waste time worrying about things they cannot control.
What is the Stoic view on fear of gods or death?
Stoics believed that people did not need to fear gods or what would happen after death.
What is the Stoic belief regarding existence after death?
Stoics believed there is no existence after death.
What should one strive for according to Stoicism?
One should live to help others and not be greedy.
How do Epicureans view pain and pleasure?
Epicureans believe one should enjoy life and that God doesn’t give people pleasure.
What is the Stoic perspective on bad things in life?
Stoics believe that bad things in life are actually good.
What do Stoics believe about sin and judgment?
Stoics consider sin as when things happen that turn bad, and the wicked will be judged.
What are the geographic figures of Italy and how did they relate to the development of its civilization?
Italy’s geography, including its location and natural resources, played a crucial role in the development of its civilization.
What contributed to the Latins becoming the first settlers in the Italian peninsula?
The Latins sought fertile soil and a good climate, which led them to migrate to a region next to the Tiber River.
List ways the Etruscans improved Roman way of life.
The Etruscans improved Roman life by introducing the Greek alphabet, enhancing city planning, and building roads.
Compare and contrast the Roman social classes.
Patricians were members of the wealthy ruling class, while plebeians were members of the working class in ancient Rome.
What are the three Roman branches of government?
The three branches are the Senate, Consuls, and Assemblies.
What is the role of the Senate in the Roman government?
The Senate was the most powerful branch of the government in the Roman Republic.
What is the role of the Consuls in the Roman government?
Consuls were elected officials in the Roman Republic who served for one year.
What is the role of the Assemblies in the Roman government?
Assemblies were a powerful group of Patricians in early Rome.
How were the plebeians treated unjustly in the government?
Plebeians were treated poorly by the government due to their status as members of the working class in ancient Rome.
What were plebeians allowed to have in government?
Plebeians were finally allowed to have their own assembly known as the Tribal Assembly.
What is the Law of Twelve Tables?
The Law of Twelve Tables was the foundation of Roman civil law.
Where was the Law of Twelve Tables located?
The Law of Twelve Tables was located at the Roman Forum.
What was the cause of the 1st Punic War?
The 1st Punic War was fought between Rome and Carthage for control of Sicily.
Who won the 1st Punic War?
Rome won the 1st Punic War.
What triggered the 2nd Punic War?
The 2nd Punic War was triggered by Carthage violating its treaty with Rome.
Who is a notable figure from the 2nd Punic War?
Hannibal is a notable figure from the 2nd Punic War.
Who won the 2nd Punic War?
Rome won the 2nd Punic War.
What led to the 3rd Punic War?
The 3rd Punic War was initiated when Carthage fought one of Rome’s allies.
Who won the 3rd Punic War?
Rome won the 3rd Punic War.
What is the Gregorian Calendar?
The Gregorian Calendar is the revised version of the Julian Calendar.
Who were part of the First Triumvirate?
Crassus and Julius Caesar were part of the First Triumvirate.
What does Pax Romana refer to?
Pax Romana refers to an event that led to Octavian becoming dictator.
What is the Colosseum?
The Colosseum is an arena.
What role did Roman Roads play for Christians?
Roman Roads enabled Christians to carry the gospels.
Who was Nero?
Nero was a Roman emperor who ordered the death of many Christians.
Who was Peter?
Peter was one of Jesus’ disciples.
What is a key belief of Epicureanism?
Epicurean beliefs hold that the goal of life is pleasure.
What do Stoic beliefs emphasize?
Stoic beliefs emphasize not worrying about small things.
