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Music > Romanian Christmas Carols (Sz.57/Bb 67) First Series > Flashcards

Romanian Christmas Carols (Sz.57/Bb 67) First Series Flashcards

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0
Q

How many sovereign nations were there in 1900?

A

55

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1
Q

What musical movement does not have many parallels with the visual arts?

A

Nationalism

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2
Q

How many nations were there in 2000?

A

192

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3
Q

What composer founded the Societe nationale de Musique (1871)?

A

Cesar Franck 1822-90

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4
Q

What was the motto of the Societe National de Musique?

A

French Art

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5
Q

What was the goal of the Societe Nationale de Musique?

A

To promote French music and reject the Germanic traditions of composers like Beethoven, Schubert and Schumann

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6
Q

What was the Societe Nationale de Musique the ancestor of?

A

Les Six

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7
Q

What was the goal of Les Six?

A

To write music devoid of any Germanic characteristics

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8
Q

In addition to Germanic music who else did Les Six reject?

A

The Impressionistic approach of Debussy and Ravel as well as Stravinsky ad Schoenberg

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9
Q

What associations in England were focused on rediscovering and celebrating lost music of the nation?

A

The Purcell Society, the Plainsong and Mediaeval Music Society and the Musical Antiquarian Society

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10
Q

What Renaissance composers were rediscovered in England?

A

William Byrd 1540-1623, Orlando Gibbons 1583-1625, Thomas Tallis 1505-1585, Thomas Weelkes 1576-1623, John Wilbye 1574-1638

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11
Q

Who used old English materials as the foundation for many of his works?

A

Ralph Vaughan Williams

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12
Q

What was one of Ralph Vaughan Williams best known works?

A

Fantasia on a Theme of Thomas Tallis 1910

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13
Q

What composer produced Somerset Rhapsody 1906-7 which highlighted geographical features of England?

A

Gustav Holst 1874-1934

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14
Q

What Finnish composer galvanized his nation with Finlandia 1900?

A

Jean Sibeliue 1865-1957

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15
Q

What became the unofficial national anthem for Finland?

A

Finlandia

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16
Q

When did Finland succeed in declaring its independence from Russia?

A

In 1917

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17
Q

How was Sibelius supported to the end of his days?

A

By a state stipend

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18
Q

What two French composers wrote music that glorified Spain and what were their pieces?

A

Debussy’s Iberia and Ravel’s Rapsodie espagnole and subsequen Blero

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19
Q

How did Ravel have some claim to Spanish heritage?

A

Through his mother who was born in the Basque region that straddles Spain and France

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20
Q

What did Mannuel de Falla compose?

A

Nights in the Gardens of Spain 1909-1916

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21
Q

What Spanish composer produced Iberia?

A

Isaac Albeniz

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22
Q

Who created two musical tributes to one of Spain’s greatest painters?

A

Enrique Granados

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23
Q

Who did Granados produce to tributes to?

A

Franscisco Goya

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24
Q

What were the two musical tributes produced by Granados to Goya?

A

A piano suite Goyescas in 1911 and a subsequent opera Goyescas

25
Q

Where was Goyescas supposed to premiere but was unable to do so because of World War One?

A

Paris

26
Q

Where did Goyescas make its debut instead of Paris?

A

At New York’s Metropolitan Opera in 1916

27
Q

Who invited the Granados to the White House in 1916?

A

Woodrow Wilson

28
Q

What was he name of Granados’s wife?

A

Amparo

29
Q

How did Granados die?

A

Hiis ship was torpedoed by a German submarine and he drowned trying to save his wife

30
Q

What young American composer was met with a marked lack of enthusiasm because American tastes did not embrace Modernist innovations as early as European audiences did?

A

Charles Ives 1874-1954

31
Q

What American composer supported himself with an insurance business?

A

Charles Ives

32
Q

What is the subtitle of Ives’s Piano Sonata No. 2?

A

Concord Mass., 1840-1860

33
Q

In Piano Sonata No.2 what are each of Ives’s movements named after?

A

American Transcendentalist writers such as Emerson, Hawthorne, The Alcotts and Thoreau

34
Q

What event caused Charles Ives to start showing hi musical compositions in 1918?

A

A heart attack as well as a series of strokes

35
Q

Who is the best known proponent of Russian nationalism?

A

Igor Stravinksy

36
Q

What is ironic about Stravinsky being the best known proponent of Russian nationalism?

A

He wrote most of his works while he was away from Russia

37
Q

What is the subtitle of The Rite of Spring?

A

Scenes from Pagan Russia

38
Q

What are irreplaceable documentation of music from distant times and remote places?

A

Filed recordings

39
Q

Who were the two most notable ethnomusicologist/composers?

A

Belat Bartok and Zoltan Kodaly

40
Q

How many songs were in Zoltan Kodaly and Bartok’s first book in 1906?

A

20 songs

41
Q

When Bartok published a summery of his and Kodaly’s work in 1924 how many melodies were in Hungarian Folksong?

A

More than 8 thousand melodies

42
Q

What two places outside the Hungarian Empire did Bartok get some music rom?

A

North Africa and Turkey

43
Q

What are the 5 categories of folk-music adaptations in Bartok’s music?

A

folk songs and invented of secondary importance, folk tune and invented are equals, the folk tune is a motto and invented is greater, the composition is based on an imitation f themes, there is only a spirirt of folk music

44
Q

What scholar classified five levels of folk-music adaptation in Bartok’s music?

A

Benjamin Suchoff

45
Q

What was Bartok’s collection of teaching pieces published in 1908-09?

A

For Children

46
Q

What is For Children?

A

A collection of Hungarian and Slovak folk songs transcribed for piano

47
Q

What interval does Bartok never exceed in Romanian Christmas Carols?

A

One octave

48
Q

What is a colinde?

A

A carol

49
Q

What was included with The Romanian Christmas Carols?

A

A transcription of the first melodic phrase of each carol and the specific place that he collected each score

50
Q

How many melodies are in Romanian Christmas Carols?

A

Twenty melodies

51
Q

What instrument is Romanian Christmas Carols for?

A

Modern Piano

52
Q

What are the tunes in Romanian Christmas Carols?

A

Modal

53
Q

What modes appear in The Romanian Christmas Carols?

A

Ionian, Aeolian, Dorian, Phrygian and Mixolydian

54
Q

Why do modal system scales sound strange to our modern ears?

A

Because they use different patterns of half and whole steps

55
Q

What pitch do many of Romanian Christmas Carols colinde’s end with?

A

A high pitch

56
Q

How did Bartok intend for all ten pieces in Romanian Christmas Carols to be played?

A

To be played without pause

57
Q

What is it conventional in Eastern European folk music for the rhythm to do?

A

For it to follow the poetic syllables, so the irregularity makes it hard to tap one’s foor during most of the settings

58
Q

What is a Hungarian gesture in Romanian Christmas Carols?

A

A drone accompaniment by a rustic bagpipe

59
Q

How does Bartok mimic the prolonged sound of a bagpipe?

A

By having the piano play a single pitch E in both hands letting it resonate for more than four measures

Music (17 decks)

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