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Classics term 2 > Roman Law + Roman Army > Flashcards

Roman Law + Roman Army Flashcards

1
Q

name the 4 periods of roman law in order

A

primitive
formatice
classical
vulgarizing

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2
Q

_________ law is straightforward application of what the actual law is

A

primitive

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3
Q

we gon add something about classical law here lol

A

classical alw

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4
Q

in ________ law they come up with civil procedure, the concept of the formulation fo the problem

A

formative

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5
Q

formative law offers a formula to act as a guide for _______

A

judges

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6
Q

in ________ law there is ashortage of lawyers, often trying to apply law without actually understanding it

A

vularizing

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7
Q

who decided on lawds

A

the govvy decided

although most passed by judges

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8
Q

true or false

rome had juries

A

false

only judges no jury

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9
Q

in trials, what was a roman invention reguarding what could be dicsussed during trials

A
  • the only thing you can argue about at the trial is the problem (roman invention) - nothing else can be discussed other than their innocence or lack thereof
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10
Q

what did romans emply to deal with specific court cases such as treason, poisoning, murder, bribery and forgery, rape

A

permanent courts

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11
Q

who could make use of roman law

A

only roman citizens

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12
Q

what is a delator

A

(snitch) who helped giving evidence or information for convict someone

Became notorious for bringing people to trial/pointing fingers

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13
Q

what did roman wills contain

(hint, one of the things is snarky af)

A

Inheritance n shit
Extensive descriptions about how they want to be buried
Dead person writes out their opinions of everyone they know, often quite spiteful - they read it out at funeral

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14
Q

________ are bodyguard to the emperors

A

Praetorians

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15
Q

_________ were the ones selected for battle - heavy infantry

A

legions

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16
Q

_________ are other forces other than legions who are non-roman allies

A

Auxiliaries

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17
Q

how long did legions serve

A

one battle season

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18
Q

legions paid for their own ______

A

equiptment

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19
Q

post-punic wars, the term legions changes in what way

A

legions becomes a subgourp under its assigned commander

The same group of soldiers tended to be recruited as group into the same legions whenever drafted

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20
Q

_______ is a roman member of the legion

A

legionary

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21
Q

what were the rwuirements to enlist

A

Onely male “landed” roman citizens
No criminal record
Had to take physical

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22
Q

what were the benifits of legionaries

A

Pay for the year was usually around minimum wage
When you looted a city it was divided among the soldiers

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23
Q

soldiers who verved bravely could get what

A

could be voted “retirement benefits” money, land, or both

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24
Q

______ was a roman commander who persuaded rome to make changesa to the roman army

A

marius

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25
Q

marisu proposed no _______ requirement so that every roman fould fith

A

land

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26
Q

marius said each commander should have to do what

A

recruit their own army

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27
Q

marius proposed that what should cgange reguarding equioptment

A

Equipment provided by the state - each soldier carries their own equipment (used to be a slave that carried it)

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28
Q

marius wanted to make ______ permanent

A

legions

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29
Q

the _________ was made as a symbol of each soldiers legion, became something to be proud of

A

eagle

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30
Q

marius proposed that soldiers had to do what before they started fighting

A

4 months manditory training

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31
Q

marius wanted soldiers to have the opportunity to do what

A

get promoted to a higher rank

32
Q

after marius’ reforms came the ______ army

A

imperial

33
Q

the imperial army ential a fixed term of _______ years and _______ benefits

A

20 years

retirement benefits

34
Q

how did pay change for imperial army

A

increased

35
Q

in the imperial army, legions were no longer attached to specific ______ or ______

A

regions or commanders

36
Q

in the imperial army ______ _____ were allowed to enlist

A

non citizens

37
Q

in the imperial army, what was forbidden

A

marriage

38
Q

how many auxillaries were there compared to legionairies

A

equal

39
Q

the auxillaries could be voted what

A

retirement/full citizenship

40
Q

how many years did an auxillary have to serve to gain full citizenship

A

25

41
Q

why would you probably choose to be a praetorian guard over the other millitary positions

A

Better benefits
3x annual pay, better retirement package
16 years service
Frequent cash gifts

42
Q

before, everyone elected in office becomes a ______ for _______

new law created restricts this

A

senator for life

43
Q

after a law passed there was a _____ senator limit envoked

A

300

44
Q

who chooses who gets to be a senator

A

censor

45
Q

Had to be ___ years old before you could run for office

A

36

46
Q

after you’ve been elected, you need to take a ______ year _______ before you’re elected to something else

A

three year pause

47
Q

what is the Senatus consultum ultimum (SCU

A

the final decree of the senate

gave consul power to do what the senate wanted to do

48
Q

During punic war, _____ were ally with rome

_____% left when hannibal came along
_____% stayed loyal as they fought against hannibal with basically no reward

A

italians

20% left when hannibal came along
80% stayed loyal as they fought against hannibal with basically no reward

49
Q

Now once you become a senator, you cannot be directly involved in ________

how did this affect the people

A

buisness/trade

New class of romans who seized this opportunity (rise of middle class and billionaires within like 5 years)

50
Q

_______ are Upper Class people who are not politician(people wealthy enough to be able to buy a horse)

A

equestrians

51
Q

Senate becomes worried about ________ because they are gaining power

A

equestrians

52
Q

what is a publicani

A

Someone who provides public service for a profit
used by roman govvy to do large scale projects

Eg. need someone to build 300 warships - publicanis will bid for it

53
Q

in the early second century the tribunes of the plebs could now do what

A

not only vito things but alos propose things

54
Q

what did scipi0 amilianus known for

A

defeated hannibal and wanted to be the one to deal with carthage

wanted to be elected consul

Senate said he cant run for consul cause hasn’t been an idile or pretor

tribune vitoed it

55
Q

tiberius wanteds to run for office, how did the senators feel about this

A

favour any other candidate but him

56
Q

tiberius runs for ________ cause he gets rejected to be anything for office

A

tribune - were he can vito anything

57
Q

tiberius proposed the public land bill, what did it entail? how did was it radical

A

rome takes back land from italy that is public and gives it to people who dont own land and are poor- once they have land theyll now be able to join military

Had been leasing it to wealthy romans’ plantations for things like vineyards
Making his proposal radical asl, cause this land was technically public but also being used

58
Q

why does tiberius want to get elected for tribune every year

A

so no one can sue him

59
Q

at the 2nd election tiberius is in, what does the senate do out of fear of tiberius’ ideas?

A

the senate swoops in and 200 ppl die including tiberius land bill continues

60
Q

Gaius gets himself elected ten years later with what goal?

A

had entire program designed to attack the senate (all things they would hate) - stripping them of their support from lower and upper classes

61
Q

Gaius also proposes _____ ______

A

free land

62
Q

what is the grain law proposed by Gaius?

A

govvy in charge of keeping the bread cheap so that poor ppl can always afford bread

this is bad cause the patrons used to use bread to keep their clients - he’s basically saying you don’t need them anymore

63
Q

what is Gaius’ road building proposition

A

unding for building roads - anyone unemployed now has job building roads

64
Q

to pin the equestrians aginst the senate, what is Gaius do

A

Proposes that equestrians should be allowed to serve on juries and judge court cases

knew senate would oppose it which would offend equestrians

65
Q

what does Gaius propose to pin the italisn against the senate

A

All italians should become roman citizens

if senate refuses: this alienates them from the rest of italy - offended many poor romans

66
Q

what happens to Gaius

A

roman senate kills him and 3000 of his followers

67
Q

true of false, gaius and tiberius are examples of populares

A

true

68
Q

what is a populares

A

politicians who used the people, supported the people, and tried to intro laws that benefited them

69
Q

the senate was only ___________ but people usually followed their wishes

A

advisory

70
Q

what does curus honorum mean

A

hierarchy

71
Q

during the war with hannibal and for 2 decades after, roman officials searched for signs of _______ in allied cities and punished them for it

A

disloyalty

72
Q

roman officlas also god paranoid about a _____ of the god _______, and forbbidded its practice

A

cult for bacchus

73
Q

true of false

romans were agaisnt slaves

A

naw fam

used them all the time to the point that the slaves revloted and became a threat to their hold on italy

74
Q

how many times was guius tribune

A

three times

75
Q

what did opimius do?

A

ordered the attack on gaius and his followers

76
Q

how did opimus defend his prosecutions

A

by the “decree of the senate”

whihc is basically to do what is considered necessary to maintain social order without consideration of the rights of citizens

77
Q

gaius and tiberius shifted the thought in rome; it was thought that if ______ leader could get a ________ _______, they could gain power

A

popular leader

large following

Classics term 2 (6 decks)

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