Beginning of the Mediterranean Empire

Question 1

wars between cartherage and rome are called the _____ wars

Answer 1

punic

Question 2

cartherage was colonized by ______ and used to be one of their ________ but eventually became inpendent

Answer 2

phonecia

colonies

Question 3

cartherage began _______, to maximize what made them so powerful, ________

Answer 3

colonizing (colonies became trading outposts)

trade

Question 4

due to a treaty, Romans were not allowed to trade with anyone outside of _____ other than the __________

Answer 4

italy

carthiginians

Question 5

________ had control of the majority of the island of sicily at first

Answer 5

cartherage

Question 6

what caused the first punic war?

Answer 6

Rome VS Cartherage
for the control of messena (on isle of sicily)

Question 7

sicilly allied with _____

Answer 7

rome

Question 8

messana was allied with _______ at first

Answer 8

syracuse

Question 9

what did “the sons of mars” do

Answer 9

took hold of messena, and drove out the ruling class

Question 10

how did the former rulers of messena react when they were outed by the sons of mars

Answer 10

went to rome for help

romans urged for war against the sons of mars in messena

Question 11

the romans had a strong _______
the carthaginians had a strong ______

Answer 11

Roman army

carthegian navy

Question 12

At first, the carthaginians agree to fight for the sons of mars at what price?

Answer 12

they let them use their mercenary soldiers

(makes sense cause they were good for navy, meh for soldiers)

Question 13

how did the sons of mars react to cartherage’s offer to fight for them if they give them their soldiers

Answer 13

they refuse to pay and cartherage turns on them, plans to annihilate the sons of mars

Question 14

the romans built _____ ______ to challenge cartherage

Answer 14

war ships

Question 15

what were the roman warships called?

the war ships were successful yet ________

Answer 15

ravens - successful yet unstable

Question 16

how did the romans defeat the carthaginians

Answer 16

won a naval battle with their new war ships, then invaded Africa with a large army

Question 17

how long was the first punic war

Answer 17

23 years

Question 18

at the end of the war, why did carthiginians mercinairies revolt?

Answer 18

cartherage couldnt pay them

Question 19

due to the revolt, cartherage had to agree to a treaty

the terms of the treaty made them give up what?

Answer 19

Carthage had to pay for war damages, and Rome took control of all of the Carthaginian lands on the island of Sicily

Question 20

the first punic war lead to the decision to designate the first ________, in sicily, sardinia, and corsica

Answer 20

provinces

Question 21

The second punis war broke out over ______, between rome and cartherage

Answer 21

spain

Question 22

cartherage starts trying to gain control of spain. who was the cheif carginian commander in spain during the second punic war

Answer 22

hannibal

Question 23

what made rome declare war against cartherage this time

Answer 23

hannibal besieged a town under Rome’s proctection

Question 24

what was Hannibal’s war plan to attack rome

Answer 24

rome thought they’d have to sail accross so they prepared for his arrival

in reality he marched through the alps arrive at tribia river

Question 25

after hannibal crossed the apennines he invaded _______

Answer 25

Etruria

Question 26

when this chaos was going on _______ as appointed dictator

Answer 26

maximus (Fabius maximus)

Question 27

maximus was given the nickname "cuntator" which means procrastinator. why?

Answer 27

he had a strategy of avoiding hannibals army unless he had favourable conditions ppl didnt like this

Question 28

the conculs didnt dint maximus' strategy so they marched against hannibal on their own in the battle of cannae how did this go?

Answer 28

very very bad for romans almost all killed

Question 29

what did the romans new strategy after their epic loss ential

Answer 29

Rome invades African allies hannibal the summoned back to defend this leads to peace terms

Question 30

after the punic wars _______ recruited for army ____-______ enrolled in Senate

Answer 30

Non romans/slaves recruited- if you keep fighting we will give you citizenship Non-senators enrolled in Senate

Question 31

what were the peace terms of the second punic war

Answer 31

cartherage surrenders fleet had to pay for war losses less power overall had to get permission from rome to go to war

Question 32

who in the end got messinia in the second punic war

Answer 32

rome

Question 33

during the punic wars, came the need for commanders - what did they implement to fix this

Answer 33

"prorogation" - extending the terms of some officials

Question 34

the ______ took lead in the conduct of war and diplomace - during and after the punic wars

Answer 34

senate (had a lot of say at this time)

Question 35

in the magistrates and the senates eyes, everyone under the protection of rome became a part of the _________ of the roman people

Answer 35

imperium

Question 36

what did the term province refer to for romans

Answer 36

ome always had provinces but provinces was a roman term for an issue/problem eg. “buddy’s province is to deal with planning this parade”

Question 37

to gain necessary supplies and funds, govenors imposed what? who had to do this?

Answer 37

demanded payments of tribute (kinda like taxes) but some favoured regions didnt have to pay

Question 38

why did Roman officials difficulty governing the new roman empire geographically

Answer 38

Travel time - having to get all the way out to spain or africa made it hard to have just 2 consuls

Question 39

how did roman officials try to deal with their travel time issue ? reaction?

Answer 39

Tried increasing the number of officials The senators wanted to restrict the number of ppl who could become senators (jealous cause it would dilute their power)

Question 40

After the punic war, a wave of patriotism happens, the roman people give the soldiers _______

Answer 40

rewards (often land redistrbuted from conquored places)

Question 41

spain is made up of ____ provinces

Answer 41

2

Question 42

what was the role of a proconsul

Answer 42

to act as govenor of a specific province their troops came to province with them, neither could leave

Question 43

how did they select govenors/preconsuls

Answer 43

After year is (in magistrate) up you automatically become a governor

Question 44

towards the end of the second century, officials in rome sould arrange contracts for the collectionf of what? how did ppls feel

Answer 44

taxes and rents from entire provinces and cities super controversial

Question 45

after the punic wars, the roman soldiers in spain _________ with the spanish

Answer 45

intermarries

Question 46

spain was divided into ____ provinces

Answer 46

2

Question 47

how did the spanish feel about romans rule? how did rome treat spain?

Answer 47

did not accept their rule Bad tings happened (like what happened to yo ppl mireille)

Question 48

what did the romans exploit from the spanish

Answer 48

their mines mountains of metal bruv esp silver

Question 49

what three hellenistic kingdoms dominated in the eatern mediterranean

Answer 49

Macedonia egypt asia (syria)

Question 50

when did the first mecedonian war take place

Answer 50

during second punic war after rome's defeat at Cannae

Question 51

what caused first macedonian war

Answer 51

macedonian king decide to ally with hannibal due to his success at that time

Question 52

who won the first macedonian war

Answer 52

stalemate, each side kep what they had

Question 53

the Second Macedonian War was launched by the Roman Senate against Philip after he refused to guarantee what

Answer 53

to make no hostile moves against greeks

Question 54

who won the second macedonian war

Answer 54

the romans

Question 55

the peace terms of the second macedonian war involved Philip doing what

Answer 55

withdrawing his ppl from greek cities, surrender most of fleet, pay

Question 56

what did the proclaimation at corith ential

Answer 56

gave freedom to all greeks, roman troops left greece

Question 57

what caused the third punic war

Answer 57

carthage attacked by numidia and needed help rome on good terms with numidia carthage wants to decalre war, rome says no

Question 58

how does the third punic war end

Answer 58

carthage would rather die than surrender to rome again, so they all die lol