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Classics term 2 > Italy Threatened. Enfranchised, Divided > Flashcards

Italy Threatened. Enfranchised, Divided Flashcards

1
Q

pater familias means waht

A

father of the family

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2
Q

between the ages of 14 and sixteen, young men advanced into the position of _______ _______, and were under the fathers authority till be died

A

toga virilis

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3
Q

women were expected to be ______ at marriage
women got married ______

A

virgin
young

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4
Q

true or false

women could vote and were considered roman citizens

A

trueeeee slayyyyy rome

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5
Q

after the 2nd punic war, the lex oppia law was imposed on women, but revoked later

what did the law entail

A

women couldnt have more than asmall amount of gold, wearmulticolored clothes, etc, unless in a religious festival

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6
Q

NUmidia was not technically apart of roman empire, but was a part of ________, so they had good relations

A

cavalry

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7
Q

the king of numidia left his three sons to rule together, deviding the kingdom in three

what occured when their father died

A

jugurtha tried to seize power by killing one brother (Hiempsal) and driving the other out of numidia (Adherbal)

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8
Q

What did Adherba do once driven out of numidia by jugurtha

A

begged rome for help

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9
Q

what did jugurtha do that outraged the romans in the process of takind numidia

A

killed some italians, some were roman citizens

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10
Q

what did the romans do at first

A

devided numidia in equal parts for jugurtha and adherbal

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11
Q

what jugurtha once the kindgdom was devided between the two brothers

A

invaded adherbal’s side and killed him

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12
Q

Rome sends an army in resp to deal with jugurtha, what happens

A

War effort stalls
Romans have difficulty tracking Jugurtha down

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13
Q

what were some rumours in rome about jugurtha and rome

A

ing jugurtha was bribing the roman commanders to stall the war

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14
Q

mid war, what does rome giveds ugurtha saftety to come to rome to ______ himself.

something sus happens, what was it

A

While there senate asks is he has bribed
Tribute appeals the question, does not allow it to be answered
Questioning ended, but massive uprule
Public opinion turns against the ruling class, they seem them as incompetent

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15
Q

during the whole jugurtha thing, ______ _______ runs for consul and becomes in charged of the war

A

gaius marius

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16
Q

marius wins against jugurtha but his soldiers dont get _______ at first

A

land

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17
Q

how does gaius mock uppwer class

A

they have distinctions form their ancestors, mine are earned [in war]” wants to prove their incompetence

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18
Q

After Gaius’ year is up he becomes a governor of province, and stays in charge for _____ years instead of 1

A

3

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19
Q

the roman people vote to give gaius a different province than he initially had

why?

A

provine was in charge of war, they wanted him there

he ends it

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20
Q

Cimbri and Teutons were _____

A

gauls

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21
Q

cimbri and tautons (gauls) invade accross the _____ and win _____ straight battles, gradually going _____

A

alps

4

south

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22
Q

______ is put in charge of the war againt the gauls

A

marius

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23
Q

marius is elected consul for ____ straight years (odd legth for rome)

A

5

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24
Q

marius is successful against the gauls. what is the reaction of roman senatprs when he gets back to rome

A

threatened cause hes an outsider of the upper class who was elected 5 whole damn times

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25
Q

how does marius treat the senators

A

instead of cozying up to senators he attacks them

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26
Q

In Marius’ last consulship he teams up with a tribute named _________, who as at odds with the senators as inspired by Gracchi

A

Saturnius

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27
Q

marius reformed the army’s battle formation in what way

A

no longer three distinct ranks

2 instead, axullaries did cavalry and light-armed troops, rmans grouped into larger formations

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28
Q

marius was married to a rich bitch names ______ which benifited him

A

julia

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29
Q

when the senate tries to thwartmarius by reappointing metellus as commander, the _____ ______ overruled it and appointed marius

A

plebian assembly

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30
Q

saturnius made a _____ bill on behalf of marius

A

land

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31
Q

what did the ladn bill of saturnius entail

A

must give land to veterans

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32
Q

to make things sting a little, what did the senators all have to do (reguarding the land bill)

A

publicly vow to support it

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33
Q

Saturninus was reelected for tribune and wanted Glaucia to be made consul, Marius rejects this and what fucked up thing happened next

A

saturninus had his the other candidate beat to death

(stil did not get elected)

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34
Q

what did Marius implement after disorder full upon rome (post the fucked saturninus thing)

A

S.c.u (ultimate decree of the senate) to arrest saturninus

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35
Q

how did saturninus die

A

died along with glaucia while arrested and kept on a roof, the people climbed it and beat them to death (payback lol)

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36
Q

Marius is _______ elected to office again

A

never

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37
Q

the law of the province is known as ____ _________ - defined ach communities constitution, boundaries, etc

A

lex provincia

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38
Q

each govenor has a ______ assigned to them to deal with finances

A

queefer

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39
Q

govenors can basically do anything they want in their year as long as

A

as long as you keep peace and order in rome’s interest

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40
Q

Marcus Lvius Drusus as was tribune who proposed things to help mitigate the tensions between who

A

rich and poor

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41
Q

tribune urges the ppl to vote to give citizenship to all ________, bill doesnt pass

A

italians

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42
Q

how did the itialians reacto to not being made citizens

A

revolt in a civil war

other regions joine forming a new kingdom and capitol

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43
Q

in the rebellion which revolted against rome, what was the capitol called

A

italia

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44
Q

Lucius Cornelius________ (2nd in command) in charge of the war for the romans

A

sulla ( the part u need to know)

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45
Q

how does the italian revolt end

A

Romans eventually give in - italians have full citizenship
Dumb civil war then, should have agreed in beginning

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46
Q

War declared against the rich kingdom of Pontus due to _______

A

uprising/revolt of rebels

47
Q

why did all the soldiers want to be a part of the military campaign during the uprising of Pontus

A

they wanna loot it

48
Q

_____ is elected consul during uprising of pontus, and given comman in war

A

Sulla

49
Q

Sulpicius Rufus wants full _____ rights for all the new citens of rome

A

voting

50
Q

______ supports Rufus in this attempt to acheive full voting rights or Italy in return for _________ in war

A

marius

comman in war

51
Q

between sulla and marius, who wins the elections? reaction?

A

marius

sulla mad mad

52
Q

in response sulla is outrages that marius gets commansd, what does sulls do in response

A

marches on rome

enters rome with 6 legions and captures it

53
Q

sulla changed romes strucutre, it was no longer divided into ___ _____

A

35 tribes

54
Q

once sulla is in rome, he declares who as enemy of the state

A

marius and others to be killed on sight

55
Q

sulla takes his army and goes where

A

Takes his army and marches to pontus, looting everything in his path

56
Q

When sulla leaves, who is left in charge to redistribute the 35 tribes and bans sulla from rome

A

cinna

57
Q

Cinna then leaves rome rally for support for his cause, what did the senate do

A

declared him enemy cause of his behaviour (not pristegious)

58
Q

Marius and supporters enter rome as soon as sulla leaves, what happens then

A

Holds new elections
Sulla seen as enemy of state now
They start to prep for his return

59
Q

before sulla returns to rome for the second time, what happens to marius

A

dies

60
Q

who replaced marius when he died

A

flacccus

61
Q

Sulla and his soldiers march back to rome with groups of random paramilitary groups (unofficial army)

who else joins his side? who joins romes side?

A

Thousands of men flock to his side hoping they will be rewarded for helping him take back rome

At last minute, many italians begin join rome (Italians hate sulla)

62
Q

what two men joined sulla during his march to rome

A

Gnaeus Pomeius Magnus (pompey) and Marcus Licinius Crassus

63
Q

what happens the second time sulla marches on rome (how does he do)

A

he retakes rome

64
Q

who is told to go to spain (still opponents) to win themback

A

pompey

65
Q

what is sulla’s first act when he retakes rome the second time

A

Sulla’s first act is a meeting of the senate where his soldiers crucify the italians who rebelled against him during the battle

66
Q

sulla declares himself a ______ when he retakes rome th second time

A

dictator

67
Q

sulla makes a proscription (govvy list posted publicly)

what did it entail

A

List of ppl who were published enemies of state who had to be killed on sight
Anyone helping them also killed on sight

68
Q

what happen to the land of those killed according to sulla’s proscription

A

Anyone on this list’ property is taken by the state

Auction off some of the property and money to state
If u bid against sulla or his gang, u get added to list - so they get prop for cheap

69
Q

sulla called himself dictator ____________ which meant eternally (not surrendering ever)

A

perpetuus

70
Q

sulla eventualla institutes ______ reforms on rome which reflected ________ revious attempts

A

reasonable

gracchus’

71
Q

sulla ______ the senate in size so it now contained ______ senators

A

doubled

600

72
Q

sulla doubled number of ______ twenty to deal with the now 600 senators

A

quaestors

73
Q

increased the number of praetors from 6 to ___

A

8

74
Q

one of sullas reforms

anyone who runs for _____, can never run for any other political office because he saw them as threats to the state

A

tribute

75
Q

one of sullas reforms

added a ___ year interval between holding any partiuclar office again

A

10

76
Q

sulla’s reforms strip the power of many _______

A

equestrian/equates

77
Q

sulla redistributes _____ to gain support

A

land

78
Q

the monhtly ____ distribution put in place by gracchus was taken away by sulla

A

grain

79
Q

the _______ assembly was taken away by sulla

A

plebian

80
Q

_______ defended a case were some dude got added to sulla’s proscription list

A

cicero

81
Q

Marcus Amelius _______ was elected for consul dispite sulla;s dissaproval of his candidacy

A

lepidus

82
Q

what did lepidius advocate for

A

repeal of sullas acts
return of confiscated land
reintro of gain distribution
restorations of tribunes

83
Q

etruri attacks the settlers placed on their land buy sulla, what does lepidius do

A

lepidius joins the attackers and dies in a battle

84
Q

what spanish ex-praetor took up governorship near spain and challenged rome

A

Quintus Sertorius

85
Q

________ led a slave revolt in rome

A

sparticus

86
Q

sparticus urgered slaves to go to their _____ before rome could resp

A

origins

87
Q

_____ was put in charge of defeating sparticus during the slave revolt, and killed him

A

crassus

88
Q

crassus and pompey were both ______

A

young

89
Q

how did pompey somehwat take responsibility for ending the war/slave revolt

A

Roman rule - whoever wins war, gets credit for the war
Pomey defeats the very very last slaves - crassus forced to share credit with pompey -
don’t really get along - teame dup for consul but didnt last long

90
Q

pompey and crassus were both named _____ for “their” victory

A

consuls

91
Q

why was pompey exactly the type of politician sulla hated

A

too young
rose to power too quickly

92
Q

crassus was a ______ man, used his relationship with sulla to form an ______ empire

A

buisness man

economic empire

93
Q

they called crassus “the ______”

A

the rich

94
Q

crassus formed his own _____ department

A

fire

95
Q

the early first century saw a huge increase in ______ and _____ in the mediterranian

A

pirates and bandits

96
Q

what did the pirates do

A

They routinely kidnapped ppl
Looted ships if u didnt give them money - they would kidnap ppl and sell them

97
Q

the mans make the pirates a _______ and it it off to pompey for ___ years

A

province

3

98
Q

how did pompey successfully deal with the pirate problem

A

Takes his ships and sails form one end of mediterranean to the other
Told the pirates if they surrendered voluntarily, would get land
Did this using the money budgeted to build ships to buy the land
Roman ppl celebrate pompey for all his victories

99
Q

due to his past millitary success, pompey is put in charge of dealing with new threat; king _______ of pontus

A

mithridates

100
Q

(in the past) _____ was sent to go tell mithridates to abandom cappadocia, a region he had conquored, he agreed to _______ surprisingly

A

sulla

withdraw

101
Q

what did rome urger the kingdom of cappadocia to do at this point for revenge

A

recoup their financial losses by invading pontus (the guys who had attacked thme b4)

102
Q

mithridates swept the west, taking control of _____ _____

A

asia minor

103
Q

_______ attacks mithridates and wins

A

sulla

104
Q

did sulla persue mithradates further?

A

naw fam

105
Q

marcus tullis cicero was a _____ _____ ( no one in his fam had been politician)

A

novus homo

106
Q

what was ciero known for which helped him ride to power

A

speaking ability as a lawyer and politican

107
Q

cicero took on _______ court cases

A

imperial

108
Q

cicero convinced rome of what

A

to let pompey take care of the pirates

109
Q

cicero was elected for ______, but only because his two opponenet are sus of ________, which turned out to be true

A

consul

conspiracy

110
Q

_________ was was the opponent who was in the conspiracy

A

cateline

111
Q

what was catelines plan for rome

A

he was planning conspiracy to burn down rome n cause chaos

112
Q

Cicero collected proof of this by by doing what

A

by bringing fake supporters to find out his plan and collects documents as evidence

113
Q

people urged cicero to _____ cateline before he could leave the city, cicero ______

A

kill

refused

114
Q

what was the problem with straighr up killing cicero

A

had to do trial first

Classics term 2 (6 decks)

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