Role of chromosomes and hormones Flashcards
Atypical sex chromosome patterns
How many chromosomes do humans have
46 (23 pairs)
Which chromosome determines the biological sex in humans
23rd pair
What chromosomes do females have
- They have XX
- they only carry X chromosomes in their ovaries
What chromosomes do males have
- Males have XY
- They carry both X and Y in their sperm
define gene
a short section of DNA that determines the characteristics of living things.
What are the chromosomal abnormalities we look at
- Klinefelter’s syndrome
- Turner’s syndrome
What is Klinefelter’s syndrome chromosomal pattern
XXY
What are the physical characteristics of Klinefelter syndrome
- normal/ underdeveloped external male genetalia
- no sperm production - infertile
- softening of the body
- some breast development
- less facial hair
What is the prevalence rate of klinefelter syndrome
1 in 600 males
What gender is Klinefelter’s syndrome
male
what influences on behaviour does Klinefelter’s syndrome have
- associated with cognitive difficulties e.g. dyslexia
- associated with behavioural passivity e.g. lacking sexual interest/ shy
- difficulty responding to stress
- difficulty with problem solving
What is Turner’s syndrome chromosomal pattern
X0
missing chromosome
What is the prevelance rate of Turner’s syndrome
1 in 5000 females
What is the gender of those with Turner’s syndrome
female
What are the physical characteristics of turner’s syndrome
- development of normal external female genitalia but ovaries fail to develop resulting in infertility and lack of menstration
- wide neck
- small lower jaw
- no breasts, broad sheild like chest
