Role and Function of Education Flashcards
Teaches social solidarity and value consensus
Durkheim - emphasise moral responsibilities, social solidarity, value consensus, core/hidden curriculum, sense of commitment
Provision of specialist skills for the workplace
Durkheim - specialised division of labour, specialist skills, complext division of labour, solidarity
Secondary socialisation (universalistic vlues and a shared British culture are reinforced)
Parsons - bridge between school and work, education is secondary socialisation, particularistic values, universalistic values, value consensus, individual achievement, equality of opportunity, role allocation
It allocated roles ready for the workplace (based on functional importance and meritocracy)
Davis and Moore - meritocratic society, stratification, functional prerequisites, effective role allocation and performance, rewards, sacrifices, functionally unique, dependence
Improve standards through reducing state involvement and increasing a parentocracy
Monopoly on education, no competition, parentocracy, free choice, focus on standards
The Education Reform Act - marketising education, raising standards, league tables, Ofsted
Chubb and Moe - non-beneficial skills, private schools better quality education, parental education vouchers
Promote traditional “Conservative values” and tried to promote/enforce a “shared (British) culture”
Influence core curriculum, social and cultural Conservative values, conventional, heterosexual family structures, abstinence, marriage, academic skills, home-ownership, neo-liberal free-market values, traditional values, education is too liberal
Section 28 of Local Government Act 1988 - promotion of heterosexuality
Encourage values of competition and meritocracy
Murray - education is too romantic, no sense of meritocracy, failing the gifted, asks too much from those as the bottom of the intellectual pile, culminating into too many at university, dependent on academically gifted, should promote meritocracy and be more challenging
Transmits and teaches vocational skills
Create a skilled workforce, schools should focus on specific work based skills
New Vocationalism - Youth Training Schemes, NVQs, GNVQs
Education reproduces and reinforces class inequality
Willis - lads, counter-school sub-cultural grouping, ear oles, having a laff, identify with adult non-school world, manual work superior to mental work, monotny and boredom of work, hegemonic masculinity
Reproduces class inequalities by reinforcing and rewarding the culture of the middle and upper classes
Bourdieu - cultural, social, economic capital, social reproduction, middle class possess more cultural capital, education sytem is a middle class institution
Is to legitimate class inequality and allows the ruling class to control the masses through ideological control - the culture of capitalism is reinforced as “typical”
Althusser - ideological state apparatus, maintian, legitimate, reporduce class inequalities, reporduces conditions for capitalism, hidden curriculum, false class consciousness, not meritocratic
To teach exploitable skills and prepare students for the culture of the capitalist workplace
Bowles and Gintis - reproduce capitalist relations of production, correspondence theory
To socialise students in a culture of inequality through the hidden curriculum
Skelton - hidden curriculum, gender differences, teacher expectations, lack of girls in certain professions
To reinforce the ideologies that ‘prepare’ students to accept the patriarchal world of work
Kelly - science subjects packaged for boys, textbooks, domination
Colley - perception of gender roles, subject preferences, learning environment
To reinforce and reproduce a culture of inequality through the transmission of patriarchal values
Heaton and Lawson - cultural transmission, hidden curriculum, books and textbooks, females made uncomfortable, teachers expectations, patriarchal curriculum, lack of positive role models, 38% women are headteachers in secondary schools
Reinforces gender role socialisation
Spender - invisible, curriculum is male based, teachers give boys more attention, male dominance, attention in classroom, mixed-sex education
To promote and reinforce a culture of ‘equality of opportunity’, for all in relation to social class
Halsey - middle class get into grammar schools
Educational Maintenance Allowance (2004) - financial scheme, 16 to 19, parents low taxable income, at least 12 hourse of weekly guided learning, maximum £30 a week if met hours, higher qualifications encouraged
To promote and reinforce a culture of ‘equality of opportunity’, for all in relation to ethnicity and gender
City Academies - more autonomy, boost innovation, raise standards, target Ofsted failing schools, improving curriculum access, increasing more cultural awareness
Curriculum 2000 - modular curriculum, modules, As and A2, increasing standards of education
Prevent wastage of ability
Education should be equal, poor educational provision leads to a wastage of talent
Sure Start - help parents, compensate academically behind children, more opportunities
Encourage the teaching of ‘meaningful’ vocational skills to prepare students for work
Education needs to be expanded and develoepd, specialised and different skills
New Diploma - increase options, target who wouldn’t achieve, respected route into higher education, more esteem than NVQ/GNVQ
Provide a wide ranging and diverse education for all
Newman - general education, liberal education, habit of mind, freedom, equitableness, clamness, moderation, wisdom
Should provide students with choice and autonomy
Illich - de-school society, learning webs, choose what to learn, vocationalism
Education should promote a culture of democracy
Summerhill School - free-range, fits to the child, personal development, take responsibility, democratic, self-confident, tolerant, considerate
Personalised development of students
Huxley - exploration of new fields, arts, critical thinking, intellectual development, critical of standardised testing
