Rodenticides 2 Flashcards
Fluoroacetate (compound 1080)
-sodium monofluoroacetate
-found in many plants
-livestock deaths in Africa, brazil, Aus, NZ
**grey kangaroo resistant
Fluoroacetate uses in Canada
Livestock anti-predator collars or tablets
-can lead to high risk of secondary or tertiary poisoning
Mechanism of fluoroacetate
Inhibits key enzymes (aconitase and succinate dehydrogenase) in Krebs cycle resulting in:
-build up of citric acid
-shutdown of energy production
-Ca binding
What is fluoroacetate converted to to inhibit Kreb cycle?
Flurocitrate
Target organs for fluoroacetate
-CNS
-heart
What species are most sensitive to fluoroacetate?
Dogs
Onset of fluoroacetate
Within 30mins to multiple hours after ingestion
Clinical features of fluoroacetate
-sudden death with no signs
-GI: vomiting, salivation, urination, defecation
-CNS: hyperesthesia, frenzied, convulsions with extensor rigidity, running fits
*cats vocalize
-Cardiorespiratory: tachycardia, dyspnea, cyanosis, ventricular fibrillation, death
Clinical pathology of fluoroacetate
-hyperglycemia
-hyperammonia
-metaboic acidosis
-hyperlactatemia
-hypocalcemia
-elevated citrate
Fluoroacetate antidote
Not readily available
-Acetamide in 5% dextrose will compete with fluoroacetate
Supportive care for fluoroacetate
-seizure management
-fluids
-correction of electrolyte derangements
**poor to grave prognosis
Antemortem diagnosis of fluoroacetate
-history of exposure and compatible clinical signs
-detection of fluoroacetate in bait, stomach contents, vomit, urine
Post mortem/histo diagnosis of fluoroacetate
Nonspecific
-congestion
-hemorrhage
-myocardial necrosis in sheep
Differential diagnosis for fluoroacetate
-strychnine
-bromethalin
-any others that are the same as them
