Rodent-Borne Zoonoses

Question 1

2 ways rats/mice act as disease vectors

Answer 1

disease reservoirs
disease carriers

Question 2

examples of how rats/mice are disease reservoirs (4)

Answer 2

plague
colorado tick fever
lyme disease
borna disease

Question 3

examples of how rats/mice are disease carriers (4)

Answer 3

hantavirus
lepto
tularemia
colorado tick fever

Question 4

why rats/mice are effective disease vectors (3)

Answer 4

synanthropic species = live close to humans, compete for food
capable intermediary between humans and environment
continuously expand their range

Question 5

rodent borne zoonoses of global importance: bacterial (5)

Answer 5

plague
tularemia
leptospirosis
lyme disease
rat bite fever/murine typhus

Question 6

rodent borne zoonoses of global importance: viral (4)

Answer 6

hantavirus
mpox
lassa fever
LCMV

Question 7

plague: agent, number of cases/yr, reservoir vs carrier, where most cases are found

Answer 7

yersinia pestis = gram neg coccobacilli
reservoir species but can transmit
5-15 cases
mountain west

Question 8

plague: 3 forms

Answer 8

bubonic
pneumonic
septicemic

Question 9

bubonic plague: symptom

Answer 9

enlarged lymph nodes

Question 10

pneumonic plague: symptom

Answer 10

sever, acute pneumonia

Question 11

septicemic plague: symptoms

Answer 11

sever fever, chills, malaise

Question 12

plague: 3 modes of transmission

Answer 12

fleas = xenopsylla
aerosolization
direct transmission by handling carcasses

Question 13

aerosolilzation can result in what kind of plague

Answer 13

pneumonic

Question 14

plague prevention (2)

Answer 14

avoid contact with reservoir species (rats) and fleas
recognize suspect cases and adequate PPE

Question 15

tularemia: agent, how transmitted (2 ways), where most cases found

Answer 15

francisella tularensis = gram neg coccobacilli
rats directly to humans
mechanical transmission with insects
midwest river valleys

Question 16

tularemia symptoms: glandular, pneumonic and typhoidal forms

Answer 16

glandular = enlarged lymph nodes
pneumonic = severe, acute pneumonia
typhoidal = severe fever, chills, malaise

Question 17

tularemia mode of transmission (3)

Answer 17

direct contact with small rodents as carriers
ticks/biting fleas with rodents as reservoirs
aerosolization of bacteria by mowing over carcasses

Question 18

tularemia prevention (3)

Answer 18

avoid contact with small mammals
use PPE to limit exposure
minimize exposure to insect vectors