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RUSVM Special Species - FINAL > Rodent And Hedgehog > Flashcards

Rodent And Hedgehog Flashcards

1
Q

Rats, mice, and hamsters are

A. Myomorphs
B. Hystricomorphs
C. Scuiromorphs
D. Stewart Little

A

A myomorphs

I will also accept D. Stewart Little

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2
Q

What are murine rodents?

A

“Pocket pets”

Mice, rats, gerbils, hamsters

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3
Q

T/F: all the teeth of the rodents are open rooted?

A

False

Incisors are the ONLY open rooted teeth

Cheeks teeth have anatomical roots

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4
Q

How long is the life span of rodents?

A

2-3yrs

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5
Q

What is the species name for the rat?

A

Rattus norvegicus

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6
Q

You do a UA on your rat and have a proteinuria, you should inform your clients that the rat has what?

A

Nothing.

Proteinuria is normal in rat

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7
Q

T/F: like the horse, rats cannot vomit and have a divided stomach

A

True

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8
Q

What are the most common diseases of rats?

A

Pituitary tumors **
Mammary gland tumors **
Respiratory tract infection **

Chronic nephrosis
Skin issues

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9
Q

Ratatouille presents to you with neurological signs. What is your top differential?

A. Viral infection 
B. Neoplastic 
C. Ate too much soup 
D. Chronic nephrosis 
E. Otitis media
A

Neoplastic (Linked to gonadal hormones —> prolactinoma )

Otitis media

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10
Q

How would you treat a prolactinoma in your rat?

A

Prednisone and cabergoline

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11
Q

T/F: For any mass on a rat, mammary gland tumors should be your top differential

A

True

  • very common disease and rats have mammary tissue everywhere ( except dorsal midline)
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12
Q

Mammary tumors in rat are usually fibroadenoma/adenocarcinoma ??

A

Fibroadenoma — locally aggressive

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13
Q

How do you treat mammary gland tumors ?

A

Surgical resection
Subcuticular sutures

Early OHE?

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14
Q

What approaches can you do for OHE in rats?

A

Abdominal approach

Flank approach

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15
Q

What approaches can yyou do for neuter in male rats

A

Abdominal approach

Scrotal approach

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16
Q

What are common respiratory tract pathogens of rats?

A 
Sendai virus 
Sialodacryoadentitis virus (aka SDA virus/ coronavirus)

Mycoplasma pulmonis
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Cilia- associated respiratory bacillus

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17
Q

You have an upper respiratory infection with red tears. What is this?

A. Sendai virus
B. Sialodacryoadentitis virus
C. Mycoplasma pulmonis
D. Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

B. Sialodacryoadenitis virus (SDA)

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18
Q

You have a rat with chronic pneumonia. What is the most likely cause?

A. Sendai virus
B. Sialodacryoadentitis virus (aka SDA virus/ coronavirus)
C. Mycoplasma pulmonis
D. Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

C. Mycoplasma pulmonis

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19
Q

Your client comes in with a rat that is “bleeding from its eyes”. What is this? And what is the most likely cause?

A

Chromodacryorrhea — porphyrin pigment in the tears which is normal

Excessive production can be associated with stress, URI, or improper diet

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20
Q

What is the treatment for respiratory disease in rats?

A

Long term antibiotic

Reduce stress

Proper ventilation

Tympanic bulla drainage

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21
Q

What antibiotics and supportive treatments can be used to treat respiratory infections caused by mycoplasma and strep ?

A

Enrofloxacin
Doxycycline
Azithromycin

Anti-inflammatories
Sildenafil : pulmonary hypertension

Can use pred to reduce scaring and fibrosis in some cases

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22
Q

What integument conditions appear in rats?

A

Fur mites

Dermatophytosis is rare

Seborrhea, greasy skin (males)

Abscesses: bite wounds

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23
Q

Ring tail in rats is associated with what causes?

A

Low humidity, overly absorbent bedding

Trauma?

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24
Q

What zoonotic disese can children and adults get from rodents?

A

Rat bite fever — streptobacillus monififormis

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25
Q

How do you treat a rat with stretobacillus moniliformis?

A

Parenteral penicillin

26
Q

Lifespan of hamsters?

A

2yrs

27
Q

What are characteristic specific to the hamster?

A

Cheek pouches

Redundant skin folds

Pigmented flank glands (scent glands)

Frequent estrus with discharge

Water-conserving kidney

28
Q

How can you treat a cheek pouch eversion?

A

Suture into place through outside wall

29
Q

Common diseases of hamsters?

A 
Enteropathy 
Cardiomyopathy 
Respiratory disease 
Skin problems 
Tumors
30
Q

Young hamster with diarrhea or “wet tail”. Can also have intussusceptions/ rectal prolapse? What is the EDx and MDx?

A

Lawsonia intracellularis

Proliferative ileitis

31
Q

What parasite of hamsters causing enteropathy is zoontoic?

A

Hymenolepis nana

32
Q

How do you treat hymenolepis nana?

A

Praziquantel

33
Q

How should you treat a hamster with diarrhea?

A 
Antibiotics 
- TSM 
-choramphenicol 
-enrofloxacin 
-metronidazole 
AVOID b-lactams and macrolides

Anthelminics
-praziquantel

Fluid and supportive care

Prolapse surgery is rarely successful
Guarded prog

34
Q

You have a hamster with conjunctivitis, rhinitis, and otitis.. what organisms are likely responsible?

A

Streptococcus

Pasturella

35
Q

Cardiovascular diseases of hamsters?

A

Hereditary cardiomyopathy

Atrial thrombosis

CHF

36
Q

What integumentary conditions are common in Syrian hamsters?

A

Alopecia
Ectoparasites
- demodex, cheyletiella

Abscesses
Tumors
-eptihelioptrophic lymphoma (Tcell or mycoses fungoides)

Cushings

37
Q

Conditions of geriatric hamsters?

A

Amyloidosis

Hepatic cirrhosis

Polycystic liver tumor

Cardiovascular dz

38
Q

Gerbrils species name is ??

A. Mesocricetus
B. Meriones
C. Cricetulus
D. Phodopus

A

B. Meriones unguiculatus

The rest are species of hamsters

39
Q

When are gerbils active?

A

Diurnal and crepuscular (day to dusk)

40
Q

Life span of gerbils ?

A

3-4yrs

41
Q

Common conditions of gerbils?

A 
Epileptiform siezures 
Cutaneous neoplasms (melanoma)
Facial dermatitis 
Acariasis 
Tail trauma —> sloughing
42
Q

Nasal dermatitis is usually related to?

A

Stress

43
Q

What gland secretes porphyrins in gerbils and results in irritation and nasal dermatitis

A

Hardarian gland

Staphylococcus sp involved

44
Q

T/F: mice are nocturnal

A

True

45
Q

Life span of mice?

A

1.5 - 2 yrs

46
Q

Common diseases of mice?

A

Dermatitis: mites, staph aureus

Abscessses

Neoplasia : mammary adenoCa

Respiratory infections: Mycoplasma pulmonis and Sendai virus

Self trauma

47
Q

Where can you do venipuncture in small rodents?

A

Tail vein

Cranial vena cava ( must be under sedation)

48
Q

T/F: 96F is a normal body temperature for a hedgehog

A

True

Range 95-99F

49
Q

T/F: quills of hedgehog can drop and regrow

A

True

50
Q

What time of day are hedgehogs active?

A

Dusk foragers

51
Q

Diet of hedgehogs?

A

Insectivores: slug, worms, snails
(Insects only is a deficient diet)

Low fat dry cat food
Commercial diets
Chopped vegetables

Mealworms as treats

52
Q

Lifespan of hedgehogs?

A

4-6yrs

53
Q

Most common dietary disorders in hedgehog?

A

Obesity

Oral foreign body

Dental disease

Hepatic lipidosis

54
Q

What is the gestation period of hedgehog?

A

30-35days

55
Q

How do newly born hedgehogs appear?

A

Blind and deaf

Have soft quills

Wean at 6weeks

56
Q

What is “anting” ?

A

Hedgehogs produce a frothy saliva and spread it on quills

Normal behaviour

57
Q

T/F: you can scruff a hedgehog?

A

True

58
Q

An oral mass in a hedgehog?

A

Oral squamous cell carcinoma

59
Q

T/F: hedge hogs dont get mites because of their quills

A

False

Mites are very common

60
Q

Common conditions of hedgehogs?

A 
Neoplasia 
Kidney dz
Wobbly syndrome 
Cardiomyopathy 
Acariasis (mites)
61
Q

What is wobbly hedgehog syndrome?

A

Progressive neuropathy: demyelination
Degenerative spinal cord

Muscle weakness and ataxia

Average age 18-24months

RUSVM Special Species - FINAL (5 decks)

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