Rocks and Weathering

Question 1

mass movement

Answer 1

large scale movement of earths surface, not accompanied by a transport agent (shear stress>shear strength)

Question 2

permafrost

Answer 2

when the ground is frozen, acting as impermeable rock, but the surface may thaw and freeze

Question 3

solifluction

Answer 3

occurs in permafrost, when top soil layer melts, becoming saturated as water cannot infiltrate, and so moves

Question 4

sheetwash

Answer 4

the channelled flow of water over a soil surface, resulting in a relatively even layer of soil being eroded

Question 5

rainsplash action

Answer 5

raindrops falling dislodge particals and distribute them in all directions - on a slope net movement = down slope due to force of gravity

Question 6

rills

Answer 6

relatively thin, shallow channels which temporarily carry water and sediment

Question 7

sub-aerial

Answer 7

above water

Question 8

sub-marine

Answer 8

below water

Question 9

slope

Answer 9

a hill or surface at an angle of inclination

Question 10

aggregation slope

Answer 10

inclinations formed by deposition of material

Question 11

degradation slope

Answer 11

inclinations formed by erosion of material

Question 12

heterogeneous rocks

Answer 12

rocks formed from more then one type of rock resulting in differential weathering due to different resistances

Question 13

heave

Answer 13

the movement of soil particles by water or freezing so that they fall back

Question 14

creep

Answer 14

the mass movement of material downslope along a slide plane