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AS. Geography Key Terms > Population > Flashcards

Population Flashcards

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1
Q

Crude birth rate

A

birth rate of the entire population, regardless of age/gender

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2
Q

Crude death rate

A

the number of deaths within a population, scaled to the population over a period of time

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3
Q

Fertility rate

A

the number of live births per 1000 women aged 15-49 in a given year

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4
Q

Mortality rate

A

the number of deaths per time unit scaled to the size of the population, generally deaths per year per 1000 people

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5
Q

Natural increase

A

birth rate - death rate, influenced by age structure of population

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6
Q

Population change

A

the change in population in specific area over a period of time

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7
Q

Migration

A

movement of people/animals with the intention of settling

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8
Q

Replacement level

A

the amount of fertility needed to keep the population the same from generation to generation

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9
Q

Infant mortality rate

A

the number of deaths of children under 1 year old per 1000 live births

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10
Q

Net migration

A

the difference between immigration and emigration

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11
Q

Life expectancy

A

the expected age that people will live to in a certain area

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12
Q

Sex ratio

A

the number of males per 100 females in a population

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13
Q

Dependency ratio

A

the ratio of the number of people 0-15 and 64+ to those aged 15-64

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14
Q

Elderly dependency ratio

A

the number of 64+ year olds in proportion to the number of 15-64 year olds

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15
Q

Youth dependency ratio

A

the ratio of the number of 0-15 year olds to the number of 15-64 year olds

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16
Q

Demographic transition

A

the historical shift of birth and death rates from high to low in a population

17
Q

Demographic dividend

A

when the working population is high in proportion to the dependency ratio

18
Q

Carrying capacity

A

the largest population that the resources in a given environment can support

19
Q

Food availability

A

the amount of food generally available

20
Q

Food accessibility

A

how accessible food is - prices

21
Q

Stock resources

A

non-renewable

22
Q

Flow resources

A

renewable

23
Q

Critical resources

A

sustainable if managed

24
Q

Non-critical resources

A

everlasting

25
Q

Population ceiling

A

the theoretical number of people that can be supported by the resources and level of technology in a geographical area

26
Q

Ecological footprint

A

a sustainability indicator which expresses the relationship between population and the natural environment

27
Q

Population boom

A

rapid increase in the numbers of the world’s population since the end of WW II, attributed to increasing birthrate, decrease in IMR and increase in life expectancy

28
Q

Population crash

A

a sudden decline in the population, impacting the economy and quality of life of individuals in the population

29
Q

Under population

A

when there aren’t enough people to make full use of the resources and technology in a given area (eg. Canada)

30
Q

Overpopulation

A

when the human population exceeds carrying capacity

31
Q

Optimum poulation

A

ideal population, combined other available resources or means of production of the country will yield maximum returns or income per head

32
Q

Quality of life

A

standard of health, comfort and happiness experienced by an individual or group

33
Q

Appropriate technology

A

technology suitable to the social and economic conditions of the geographical area in which it is to be applied is environmentally sound and promotes self-sufficiency on the part of those who use it

34
Q

Intermediate technology

A

technology suitable for developing countries, generally making use of locally available resources

35
Q

Green revolution

A

a set of research and the development of technology transfer initiatives, between 1950 and late 1960s, which increased global agricultural productions worldwide, especially in the developing world

AS. Geography Key Terms (5 decks)

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