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Conservation of Natural Resources > Rocks and Minerals > Flashcards

Rocks and Minerals Flashcards

1
Q

Crust

A

Thinnest layer of earth’s interior

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2
Q

How deep is the oceanic Crust

A

5-6 miles deep

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3
Q

How wide is the continental crust

A

15-20 miles

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4
Q

What is the MoHo

A

the transition zone between the crust and mantle

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5
Q

Mantle

A

Thickest layer

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6
Q

Lithosphere

A

includes crust and top of the mantle; solid rock

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7
Q

Asthenosphere

A

upper mantle; liquid rocks

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8
Q

What kind of plates reside in the Asthenospehere

A

Lithospheric plates

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9
Q

Mesophere

A

Lower mantle

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10
Q

Outer Core?

A

Liquid rock

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11
Q

Inner Core

A

Solid and Dense

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12
Q

What is the radius of the earth

A

4,000 miles

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13
Q

How long is the continental crust

A

15-20 miles

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14
Q

How long is the lithosphere

A

50 miles

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15
Q

How long is the Asthenophere

A

200 miles

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16
Q

How many chemical elements bond to form compounds

A

90

17
Q

How many known minerals are there

A

4,000

18
Q

How many minerals make up 95% of all rocks

A

20

19
Q

What are the four things minerals must do

A

1) Be found in nature
2) be composed of inorganic materials
3) maintain the same chemical composition
4) have atoms form crystals

20
Q

How are igneous rocks formed

A

Formed by the cooling and solidification of molten (liquid) rock

21
Q

How are sedimentary rocks formed

A

formed of sediment that is consolidated by the combination of pressure and cementation

22
Q

How are metamorphic rocks formed

A

rocks that was originally igneous or sedimentary but has been drastically changed by massive heat or pressure from the earth

23
Q

Where are ore deposits from

A

individual minerals that are extracted

24
Q

Where are metallic ores deposited

A

in the crust where litospheric plates move

25
Q

How do ore deposits form

A

when molten rock cools

26
Q

Weathering

A

concentrates minerals in the soil

27
Q

5 abundant Metallic Minerals

A

Iron, Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, Manganese

28
Q

6 scarce metallic minerals

A

Copper, Lead, Zinc, Nickel, Gold, Silver

29
Q

Non-metallic minerals used as building materials

A

Stone, Sand, Gravel, Cement, Plaster

30
Q

Non-metallic minerals used in fertilizer and chemical products

A

Halite, Sulfur

31
Q

What do you use solution or placer mining for?

A

Problems

32
Q

What is Open pit mining

A

removal of materials like stone, sand and gravel by digging them out of earths surface and leaving a large pit

33
Q

What is Strip Mining

A

cutting a series of shelves or terraces on the side of a hill to remove minerals

34
Q

What minerals is subsurface mining used for?

A

Gold, silver, lead, zinc, copper, diamonds, and coal

35
Q

How can we reduce the amount of mineral extractions?

A

1) Conserve minerals
2) Recycle
3) Substitute new materials for the minerals

Conservation of Natural Resources (5 decks)

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