Rock Deformation And Defects

Question 1

Rock material vs. Rock mass

Answer 1

Rock material is the intact rock. Defects play a significant role in behaviour and the geomorphic processes. Increase rate of weathering and erosion. Rock mass characteristics are typically the controlling parameters.

Question 2

Crustal deformation

Answer 2

Rock deposits deformed due to earth processes. Tectonic movement, plutonic deposited and volcanic activity, charge in loading (gravity effects)

Question 3

Folds

Answer 3

Develop through duct deformation of rock deposits, effected by temperature, pressure, strain rate, rock type,

Question 4

3 fold structures

Answer 4

Monocline, syncline, anticline

Question 5

Planar defects

Answer 5

Fractures and joints, cleavage, bedding, lithologic boundaries

Question 6

Fractures and joints

Answer 6

Joints-fractures developed with e displacement. Planar cracking through ruck mass. Filled with air or infill material. Surfaces can vary from smooth to rough. Usually exist in sets ( multiple joints)

Question 7

Tectonic joints

Answer 7

Formed by deformation of oh due to tectonic stresses within colds, tensile failure, develop slowly overtime

Question 8

Hydraulic joints

Answer 8

Due to increases pressure of water within deposits

Question 9

Cooling joints

Answer 9

Develop during cooling of igneous rock

Question 10

Zonal defects

Answer 10

Result from movement. Crushed seam, sheared zone, infill, voids/cavities,

Question 11

Faults

Answer 11

Developed due to relative movement through deposit.