rock cycle Flashcards
What are the three main types of rocks in the rock cycle?
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.
Fill in the blank: _____ rocks form from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
Igneous
What process involves the breaking down of rocks into smaller pieces?
Weathering.
Which type of rock is formed from the accumulation of sediment?
Sedimentary.
True or False: Metamorphic rocks can form from both igneous and sedimentary rocks.
True.
What is the main agent of erosion?
Water.
Fill in the blank: The process of _____ involves heat and pressure changing existing rocks.
Metamorphism
What type of rock is granite?
Igneous.
Which process is responsible for the formation of igneous rocks?
Cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
What is the term for the movement of rock particles due to wind, water, or ice?
Erosion.
True or False: Sedimentary rocks often contain fossils.
True.
Fill in the blank: _____ rocks are formed under extreme heat and pressure.
Metamorphic
What is the process called when rocks are broken down into smaller particles?
Weathering.
What type of rock is formed from volcanic activity?
Igneous.
What is the main difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?
Intrusive rocks cool slowly beneath the surface; extrusive rocks cool quickly on the surface.
Fill in the blank: The rock cycle is driven by _____ and _____.
Earth’s internal heat; external processes like weathering.
What type of rock is limestone?
Sedimentary.
True or False: The rock cycle can take millions of years to complete.
True.
What is sediment?
Small particles of rock and mineral that are transported and deposited.
Fill in the blank: The process of _____ involves the transportation of eroded materials.
Transportation
What can cause metamorphism?
Heat, pressure, or chemically active fluids.
What is the role of pressure in the formation of metamorphic rocks?
Pressure helps to change the structure and mineral composition of the rock.
Fill in the blank: _____ is the process that turns rock into soil.
Weathering
What kind of rock is basalt?
Igneous.
True or False: All rocks can be recycled in the rock cycle.
True.
What is the significance of the rock cycle?
It explains how rocks change from one type to another over time.
Fill in the blank: _____ rocks are formed from the compression of sediments.
Sedimentary
What is an example of a metamorphic rock?
Schist or marble.
What is the process of forming sedimentary rocks from sediments called?
Compaction and cementation.
Fill in the blank: The rock cycle is influenced by _____ and _____ forces.
internal; external
True or False: Erosion can occur without weathering.
False.
What is the difference between weathering and erosion?
Weathering breaks down rocks; erosion transports the broken materials.
Fill in the blank: _____ is the process by which rocks are melted to form magma.
Melting
True or False: All igneous rocks are formed from the cooling of magma.
True.
Fill in the blank: _____ is the process that breaks rocks into smaller pieces through natural forces.
Weathering
True or False: The rock cycle is a continuous and dynamic process.
True.
