Robbery & Receiving Flashcards
What are the elements of robbery?
Theft,
Accompanied by violence OR accompanied by threats of violence,
To any person OR to any property,
Used to extort the property stolen OR to prevent or overcome resistance to the property being stolen.
What is aggravated robbery?
- Commits robbery & causes GBH
- 2 or more offenders.
- Armed with any weapon or article that appears to be a weapon.
Explain assault with intent to rob?
Any person assaults a person with the intention to rob them but no theft takes place.
Explain demanding with intent to steal?
A person who with menaces or by any threat demands any property from any persons with intent to steal it.
What is included in threats of violence?
Before or at the time of theft, demonstrates threats by conduct of words.
Explain what extort means when stealing property?
Means to obtain by violence or imitation or to extract forcibly.
The violence or threats of violence have to be used for the priories of extorting the property being stolen.
Extorted = strongly encourage someone to do something
What are examples of preventing or overcoming resistance to the property being stolen?
Tying up someone so it prevents them resisting to the theft. Knocking a person to the ground so they don’t have the opportunity to resist.
What are the elements of receiving?
Receives,
Any property stolen,
OR any property obtained by any other imprisonable offence,
Knowing that the property to have been stolen or so obtained
OR being reckless as to whether the property had been stolen or so obtained.
What is the offence that guilty knowledge comes under and how can it be proved?
It is an essential element for the offence of receiving. Can be proved when direct or circumstantial evidences of the theft is given eg suspicious circumstances around the acquisition of the property, the purchase cost vs gross value, receiver falsely denies having possession of the property.
