Road Policing Flashcards
Road to Zero - 5 focus areas
- Infrastructure improvements and Speed management
- Vehicle safety
- Work related road safety
- Road user choices
- System management
The basic principals of deterrence
Dosage - intensity of enforcement plays a key role in changing behaviours
Unpredictably - enforcement is difficult to predict and avoid
Network coverage - enforcement widely seen across the network
A pursuit occurs when
A driver indicated by their actions and/or by continuing their manner of driving and have no intention to stop following a direction to do so
And
The enforcement officer decides to continue to follow behind the vehicle with a view to reporting its progress or stopping it
What are the two justifications to initiate or continue a pursuit.
At least one of the below must be met
- Based on the threat posed by the driver/occupants as determined by an officers PCA of the situation and subject behaviour
OR
- Based on the seriousness of the offence suspected to have been committed by the driver/occupants and the risk of that driver committing further offences harm or victimisation
True or false
I pursuit is possible if an officers PCA having considered all information places the driver/occupants at assaultive or above or the offence harm is assessed as high
True
What are the 4 pursuit anchoring factors to inform TENR
- Time of day
- Environment
- Driver/occupants known?
- Offence
TENR risk assessment considerations
THREAT (Intent, capability, opportunity, environment)
- reason for stopping the vehicle
- is there a continuing threat
- is the driver under the influence
- has the driver/occupants got access to weapons/firearms
- environmental circumstances
TENR risk assessment considerations
EXPOSURE (safety and security)
- what are the ongoing risks
- who maybe harmed if the driver flees
- would the risk created by the pursuit be greater than the initial risks
- likely age of the driver, number of passengers and their age
- appropriate resources available
- officer training current?
- can cordons be used to contain the subject
TENR risk assessment considerations
NECESSITY (to act now, later or not at all)
- has driver/occupants been ID’d?
- do you have all resources available to assist
- what are the ongoing factors
- what are the known consequences to police/public in delaying response
TENR risk assessment considerations
RESPONSE
Is it reasonable proportionate and necessary
What must the officer do if there is a decision not to pursue?
- communicate this decision to comms and create a Flee event
- reduce speed to increase distance between vehicles or remain stopped
- deactivate lights and sirens when under the speed limit
- stop as soon as safe to do so
- advise comms of your location
- resume normal duties
Extra considerations when deciding to pursue a motorcycle?
- seriousness of the offending taken place
- risk posed by the motorcyclist
- increased risks that a pursuit may give rise to
When must a pursuit be abandoned
- when the risk outweighs the initial or ongoing threat
- pursuing vehicle has lost sight of the fleeing vehicle
- a sustained loss of comms with the pursing vehicle
Who can order a pursuit to be abandoned
- lead or secondary vehicle
- field supervisor
- air support
- pursuit controller or dispatcher
Non compliant vehicle stop
Initiated by pursuit controller or AOS/STG commander
Where TENR shows high risk (armed offenders, extreme risk to public) the pursuit controller may authorise trained AOS/STG staff to conduct the stop.
In extreme circumstances non AOS/STG staff may conduct a non compliant vehicle stop following a TENR assessment and authority from pursuit controller or AOS /STG commander
Definition of a non compliant vehicle stop
The deliberate collision between a police vehicle and another vehicle when the driver of the other vehicle has failed to stop when required to do so and where the collision is used to cause the other vehicle to stop.
Temporary road closure
s30 & 32 S&S Act
Allows establishment of a road block to arrest someone unlawfully at large or Pearson who has committed an offence punishable by imprisonment an is believe to be in that vehicle.
Tactical options available is a pursuit
Eagle
Non compliant vehicle stop following a
Delta
Temp road closure
Cordon and contain
Spikes
Fleeing driver report
Must be completed for every fleeing event regardless if there was a decision made to pursue or not
Fleeing driver scenarios
Suspicious vehicle - NOT POSSIBLE
No certainty re a criminal offence
Ongoing offending is minimal
Offence harm is low
Fleeing driver scenarios
Stolen - NOT POSSIBLE
Volume crime
Ongoing offending minimal
Offending risk is low
Fleeing driver scenarios
Ram Raid - POSSIBLE
Offender commit multiple ram raid in a short time
Offence harm risk is high
Fleeing driver scenarios
Shots fired from vehicle - POSSIBLE
Likely to cause serious harm/injury
Lilley to continue to cause victimisation
Offence- harm risk is high
PCA is likely to place in GBH/Death category
Fleeing driver scenarios
Significantly impaired vehicle - POSSIBLE
Traffic offending and likely to pose risk of ongoing harm to themselves or others
Offence harm risk is high PCA
Fleeing driver scenarios
Significantly impaired driver- POSSIBLE
Traffic offending and likely to pose risk of ongoing harm to themselves or others
Offence harm risk is high
Fleeing driver scenarios
Reckless driving prior to police involvement - POSSIBLE
Ongoing risk to road users is high and PCA would likely place the driver in the assaultive category
Fleeing driver scenarios
Drugs - POSSIBLE
Class A observed in car.
Risk of ongoing harm is high
Offence harm is high
Fleeing driver scenarios
Failing to remain - NOT POSSIBLE
Stopped for routine BST
No offence observed
Just active resistance
Offence harm is low
s35 - temp closure of roads
If believe
- public disorder exists or is imminent
- danger to public exists on that road
- offence 10 yrs or more is committed or discovered at or near that place
