RNAV (GPS) Approaches Flashcards
What does LNAV indicate on RNAV (GPS) approach charts?
LNAV stands for Lateral Navigation only; it is a non-precision approach requiring TSO-C129 (non WAAS) or C145/C146 (WAAS) equipment. Minimums are shown as MDA.
What does LP indicate on RNAV (GPS) approach charts?
LP stands for Localizer Performance; it is a non-precision approach requiring TSO C145/C146 (WAAS) equipment. Minimums are shown as MDA.
What does LNAV/VNAV indicate on RNAV (GPS) approach charts?
LNAV/VNAV stands for Lateral Navigation/Vertical Navigation; it is an APV approach requiring approach approved Baro-VNAV or TSO-C145/C146 (WAAS) equipment. Minimums are shown as DA.
What does LPV indicate on RNAV (GPS) approach charts?
LPV stands for Localizer Performance with Vertical Guidance; it is an APV approach requiring TSO-C145/C146 (WAAS) equipment. Minimums are shown as DA.
What does GLS indicate on RNAV (GPS) approach charts?
GLS stands for GBAS Landing System; it provides lateral and vertical guidance and requires an aircraft GBAS receiver. It is a relatively new category of approach.
What are APV approaches?
APV approaches are instrument approaches based on a navigation system that provides ____________ and ____________ deviation information but does not meet precision approach standards.
APV approaches are instrument approaches based on a navigation system that provides course and glidepath deviation information but does not meet precision approach standards. Examples include Baro-VNAV, LDA with glidepath, LNAV/VNAV, and LPV approaches.
What does a letter suffix in an approach title indicate?
A letter suffix indicates that two or more straight-in approaches with the same type of guidance exist for a runway, allowing for easier identification.
What is the difference between RNAV (GPS) Z RWY 13C and RNAV (RNP) Y RWY 13C?
The approach labeled Z will have lower landing minimums than Y. They can differ significantly in procedures, minimums, and missed approaches.
What is an LPV approach?
An LPV approach is a type of approach with ____________ guidance that uses ____________ for high accuracy guidance, allowing for decision altitudes as low as ____________ feet.
An LPV approach is a type of approach with vertical guidance that uses WAAS for high accuracy guidance, allowing for decision altitudes as low as 200 feet.
How can you determine if your aircraft can fly an LPV approach?
Check the FAA-approved aircraft flight manual (AFM) and supplements, which state the level of approach procedure supported by the GPS/WAAS receiver.
What does LP mean in the minimums section of an RNAV (GPS) approach chart?
LP stands for ____________ ____________ , indicating improved accuracy using ____________ for lateral and angular guidance. LP minimums are ____________ ____________ ____________ .
LP stands for Localizer Performance, indicating improved accuracy using WAAS for lateral and angular guidance. LP minimums are minimum descent altitudes (MDAs).
How does a GPS receiver select the appropriate minimums for an approach?
The receiver notifies the pilot of the most accurate level of service supported by the WAAS signal, receiver, and selected approach.
What is the significance of temperature limitations on an approach chart?
Temperature limitations indicate the ____________ temperature range for ____________-____________ operation; outside this range, LNAV/VNAV minimums are not authorized.
Temperature limitations indicate the airport temperature range for Baro-VNAV operation; outside this range, LNAV/VNAV minimums are not authorized.
What is the WAAS Channel Number/Approach ID used for?
It is an optional equipment capability that allows the selection of a specific final approach segment without using the menu method.
What could cause a GPS receiver to fail to sequence from ‘Armed’ to ‘Approach’ mode?
Possible reasons include satellite anomalies, failure to arm the receiver, or other issues preventing approach completion.
What should a pilot do if a RAIM failure occurs before the FAWP?
The pilot should not descend to MDA, proceed to the missed approach waypoint, perform a missed approach, and contact ATC as soon as practical.
What should a pilot do if a RAIM flag/status appears after passing the FAWP?
The pilot should initiate a climb and execute the missed approach, as navigation information should be considered advisory only.
What does a gray shaded line from the MDA to the runway indicate?
It indicates that the visual segment below the MDA is clear of obstructions on the 34:1 slope.
What does the ‘LNAV+V’ annunciation mean?
It indicates that advisory vertical guidance is being provided, assisting the pilot in flying a constant descent to the MDA.
How is rising terrain depicted in the plan view of an IAP chart?
Rising terrain is depicted with contour lines in shades of brown if it exceeds certain height criteria relative to the airport elevation.
What is a computer navigation fix (CNF)?
A CNF is a point defined by latitude/longitude coordinates required for Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) operations.
What does the ‘negative W’ symbol on RNAV (GPS) approach charts signify?
It indicates that site-specific WAAS UNRELIABLE NOTAMs are not provided, and pilots should use LNAV or circling minima for flight planning.
Which takes precedence if there is a discrepancy between GPS navigation database and approach chart?
The published approach chart, supplemented by NOTAMs, takes precedence over the GPS navigation database.
What is the difference between ‘load’ and ‘load and activate’ in FMS?
‘Loading’ an approach adds its waypoints to the flight plan without making them active, while ‘activating’ gives immediate course guidance to the initial approach fix.
What are some types of APV approaches?
“BILL
B
I
L
L
L
Baro-VNAV
LDA with Glidepath
LNAV/VNAV
LPV
