RNA Viruses Flashcards
Diseases cause by the RNA virus
Most common cause of the cold
Acute bronchitis
Common cold agents
Respiratory syncytial virus Influenza Coxsackie A virus Echovirus Coronavirus Adenovirus Parainfluenza (RICE CAP)
How are enterovirus groups transmitted?
Fecal-oral transmission
What causes the damage to hepatocytes in Hep A?
The immune response
What disease does polio cause?
Aseptic meningitis, resulting in flaccid paralysis. Attacks the anterior horn of the spinal cord (motor neurons).
What is looked at in a lumbar puncture?
Number of cells (usually low). Viral:mononuclear elevates. Bactrial: neutrophil
Protein: usually low. Viral: moderate. Bacterial: high.
Glucose. Viral:normal. Bacteria: low
Diseases caused by Coxsackie A virus
Herpangina Hand-foot-mouth disease Aseptic meningitis Encephalitis Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis Common cold Myocarditis, pericarditis
Diseases caused by Echo virus
Aseptic meningitis
Boston exanthem
Common cold
Diseases cause by Hep A
Jaundice
Infectious hep
Diseases caused by Norovirus
Cruise ship diarrhea
Summer diarrhea
Hep E Diseases
Epidemic hepatitis. Very severe in pregnant woman.
Rotavirus
Cats/dogs may be a source. Causes significant dehydration
Diseases caused by rotavirus
Acute infantile diarrhea. Winter diarrhea
Colorado tick Fever Virus
Fever, headache, severe myalgia. Can cause encephalitis or meningitis
Human T-cell Lymphotrophic Virus
Similar to HIV, can involve IV drug users.
Diseases caused by Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus
Asymptomatic. Acute T-cell lymphocytic leukemia. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
HIV
Binds to CD4 receptors on macrophages and later T-helper cells. Is a provirus that integrates into the chromosome.
Target of HIV drugs
Reverse transcriptase, RNA-dependent DNA polymerase
Primary HIV
Initial flu-like symptoms/mono-like symptoms.
Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy
Typically after 5-10 years of contracting the virus
Rubella virus
Causes fever, rash, lymphadenopathy in children.
Congenital rubella
Can cause congenital defects in fetuses under 16 weeks. Miscarriages, stillbirths, cataracts, cardiomyopathy, hearing defects, teratogenesis
Tick associated family of viruses
Powassan Encephalitis
Swine associated family of viruses
Nipha & hendra viruses
Equine Encephalitis Togaviruses
Restricted to the Americas. Flu-like symptoms. Causes encephalitis.
Flavirirdae Encephalitis Virus
West Nile, St. Louis Encephalitis, Zika Fever. Restricted to North America.
Most common arboviral Encephalitis
West Nile Virus
Yellow Fever Virus
Restricted to Africa and South America. Causes jaundice
Dengue Virus
Flu-like syndrome. Hepatitis. Hemorrhagic Fever. Break bone (extremely deep pain) fever. If recurrent infection, second infection is worse.
Hep C & Hep G
Chronic hepatitis. Hepatocellular carcinoma. Blood born
Rabies Virus
Encephalitis. Hydrophobia. Muscle weakness.Transmitted via saliva. Negri bodies. 2-10 weeks after exposure.
Marburg and Ebola virus
On the bioterroist list. From monkeys. Extensive tissue destruction, leading to hypovolemic shock. Acute hemorrhagic fever disease.
Coronavirus
2nd most common cause of cold. SARS.
Torovirus
Summer diarrhea, epidemic diarrhea.
Infant gastroenteritis causes (viral)
Rotaviruses (winter) Adenoviruses (intussusception) Coxsackie A (Picorna)
Children/Adults Gastroenteritis
Norovirus (summer cruise ships)
Astrovirus (summer)
Torovirus (corona)
Parainfluenza virus
Parainfluenza (URTI) Croup (resembles bacterial epiglottitis) Laryngitis Common cold Syncytia
Mumps
Parotid gland infection.
Aseptic meningitis.
Encephalitis
Orchitis
Measles virus
Cough, corzya, conjunctivitis (3C’s), photophobia, severe rash, Koplik spots. Pneumonia. Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.
Respiratory Syncytial virus
Bronchiolitis (typically under 2 y/o)
Pneumonia (<2y/o)
Most common cause of otitis/sinusitis
Human Metapneumovirus
URTI
Nipah & Hendra Viruses
Infected bat scat. Swine eat infected fruit. Humans infected by aerosol. causes severe encephalitis.
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCM)
Pet owners and mouse infestation are at risk.
