RNA Virus Flashcards by Genovia Amelia

Positive Strand Icosahedral Naked RNA Virus

Picornaviridae
Caliciviradae

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Positive Strand Icosahedral Enveloped RNA Virus

Flaviviridae
Retroviridae
Togaviridae

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Positive Strand Helical Enveloped RNA Virus

Coronaviridae

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Caused by Polio virus

Poliomyelitis

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Attacks lower motor neurons of CNS resulting to flaccid paralysis

Poliomyelitis

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Transmission of Poliovirus

Ingestion of water (Feces)

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Primary site of Polio Virus

Peyer’s Patches

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Prevention of Poliovirus

Salk - killed virus, IM
Sabin - live attended virus (oral)

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Hand, foot, mouth disease

Coxsackievirus A

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Cause Viral Heart Disease, pleurodynia; pericardis; myocarditis

Coxsackie B Virus

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Meningoencephalitis

Coxsackie A and B Virus

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Hepatovirus

Hepatitis A Virus

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Hepatitis A Virus

Infectious Hepatitis

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Human Rhinovirus

Common Colds

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Calici virus

Norwalk Virus

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Major cause of nonbacterial epidemic gastroenteritis worldwirde

Norwalk Virus

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Flaviviridae/Flavivirus ⭐

Dengue fever Virus
St. Louis Encephalitis Virus
Zika Virus

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Dengue fever

Breakbone fever

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Vector of Dengue Virus

Aedes aegypti Mosquito ⭐

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Severe disease caused by dengue fever

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever

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DOH program for Dengue

4 o’clock habit ⭐

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Vaccine for Dengue Virus

CYD-TDV (Dengvaxia) ⭐
Tetravalent, live attenuated, chimeric dengue vaccine
3 dose, 6 months apart
Manufacture by: Sanofi-Pasteur ⭐

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Clinical Phase of Dengue Fever

1) Febrile Phase – occurs below D2 – D7 of illness
(2) Critical Phase – occurs at D5 – D6 of illness; signs and symptoms include: plasma leakage; bleeding; severe organ involvement; can last for 24 – 48 hours
(3) Convalescence Period – recovery phase

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Vector of St. Louis Encephalitis Virus

Culex mosquitoes

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Most important reservoir of St. Louis Encephalitis Virus

Wild Birds

Vector of Zika Virus

Aedes aegypti Aedes albopictus

Autoimmune disorder that is associated with Zika Virus

Guillain-Barre Syndrome

Infection with Zika Virus during pregnancy leads to

Microencephaly

Infection with Zika Virus during pregnancy leads to

Microencephaly

Retroviridae

HIV-1 & 2 Huamn T Lymphotropic Virus

Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Attacks CD4 T-Helper Cells

Enzyme found in HIV

Reverse transcriptase

Human T Lymphotropic Viruses

Adult T Cell leukemia

Togaviridae

Rubivirus - Rubella Virus Alphavirus - Chinkungunya Virus

Rubella Virus

German measle 3-Day measles

First detected in Saudi Arabia in 2012

Merscov

Reservoir Host of Merscov

Camel

Posses distinctive arrangements of spikes (peplomers) on the viral surface; Crown-like

Coronaviridae

Disease associated with SARS-COV 2

COVID-19

Transmission of SARS-COV 2

Respiratory Droplets Fomites Aerosols

Transmission of SARS-COV 2

Respiratory Droplets Fomites Aerosols

Negative, Single Stranded Helican Enveloped RNA Virus

Orthomyxoviridae Paramyxoviridae Rhabdoviridae Filoviridae

Orthomyxoviridae

Influenza Virus A(H1N1) Virus A(H5N1) Virus A(H7N9) Virus

Glycoproteins in envelope of Influenza

Hemogglutinin, Nerominidase

Antigenic Drift

Small Mutations/Changes Changes to surface of Hemogglutinin, Nerominidase Accumulate over time result in viruses that are antigenically different happens in an important location

Antigenic Shift

Mutations or changes are abrupt Result to New hemogglutinin, Nerominidase protein New influenza A subtype Result to Pandemic

A(H1N1) Virus

Swine Influenza/Swine Flu

Mixing vessel of A(H1N1)

Pigs

A(H5N1) Virus and A(H7N9) Virus

Bird Flu/Avian Flu

Treatment of A(H5N1) Virus and A(H7N9) Virus

Ozeltamivir

Paramyxoviridae

Parainflenza virus Mumps virus Rubeola Virus

Mumps Virus

Aka: Infectious Parotitis (Parotid salivary gland) Complication: Orchitis

Rubeola Virus

Hard measles S/S: Maculopapular Rash, Koplik's spots

Bullet – shaped viruses w/ a spiked envelope

Rhabdoviridae - Rabies virus

Most common reservoirs of Rabies

Dogs

Disease caused by Rabies Virus

Acute, fulminant fatal encephalitis

Diagnosis of Rabies

Negribodies - Aggregates of virus in the brain of animals

FIloviridae

Ebola Virus Marburg Virus

Ebola Virus

Ebola Virus Disease Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever

Animal Reservoir of Ebola Virus

Bats

Transmission of Ebola Virus

Sexual Contact Fomites Bloody body fluids Direct contact with wild animals

Rotavirus

Double-Stranded, Icosahedral Naked Reviridae Cause of infantile gastroenteritis

Strains of Ebola Virus

a. Zaire & Sudan – most virulent; 2014 West Africa Outbreak b. Tail Forest c. Bundibugyo d. Reston – found in Philippines and China; sourced from Philippine Macaque Monkey; does not cause disease in humans; disease in swines/pigs