RNA Transcription

Question 1

Name the 3 stages of transcription

Answer 1

Initiation
Elongation
Termination

Question 2

Name the subunits of RNA polymerase

Answer 2

alpha (x2) helps interact with DNA
Beta and Beta prime - create the active site
w- helps assemble the subunits

Question 3

What helps RNA polymerase bind to specific genes?

Answer 3

Sigma 70

Question 4

What is the term for RNA that can only encode for a single protein?

Answer 4

monocistronic

Question 5

Whats the term for RNA that can code for multiple proteins?

Answer 5

polycistronic

Question 6

Whats the house keeping gene?

Answer 6

Sigma 70

Question 7

Which termination method is most common?

Answer 7

Rho independant

Question 8

How does Rho independent work?

Answer 8

Stem loop consisting mostly of GCs followed by a run of U’s

The stem loop prevents RNA from passing through RNA polymerase while the weak AU bonds lower the energy of instability, causing the RNA to detatch

Question 9

How does Rho dependant work?

Answer 9

Rho (p) protein binds to RNA using ATP to release it

Question 10

In eukarotes, what does RNA Polymerase I do?

Answer 10

synthesises ribosomal DNA

Question 11

In eukaryotes, what does RNA polymerase III do?

Answer 11

tRNA/ short RNA

Question 12

Describe initation

Answer 12

Promoter region recognised by Transcriptional Factor II D (TFIID) with TATA Box binding Protein (TBP). Then TFIIA and TFIIB bind attracting RNA polymerase II. The 5’ is capped.