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AP0611 Guided Revision Questions > RNA Technology > Flashcards

RNA Technology Flashcards

1
Q

Two types of antisense oligonucleotides (2)

A
  • Fomivirsen (Vitravene)
  • Mipomersen (Kynamro)
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2
Q

What does Fomivirsen (Vitravene) treat and mechanism of action? (2)

A
  • treats cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis
  • inhibits translation of viral mRNA encoding IE2 protein
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3
Q

What does Mipomersen (Kynamro) treat and mechanism of action? (2)

A
  • treats familial hypercholesterolemia
  • inducts degradation of APOB mRNA
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4
Q

Two types of siRNAs (2)

A
  • Patisiran (Onpattro)
  • Givosiran (Givlaari)
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5
Q

What does Patisiran (Onpattro) treat and mechanism of action? (2)

A
  • treats hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis
  • RNA interference-mediated cleavage of TTR mRNA
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6
Q

What does Givosiran (Givlaari) treat and mechanism of action? (2)

A
  • treats acute hepatic porphyria
  • RNA interference-mediated cleavage of ALAS1 mRNA
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7
Q

What does Pegaptanib (Macugen) treat and mechanism of action? (3)

A
  • RNA aptamer
  • Treats age-related macular degeneration
  • Antagonistic binding to VEGF protein
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8
Q

Two types of messenger RNAs (2)

A
  • Tozinameran (Comirnaty)
  • Elasomeran (Spikevax)
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9
Q

What does Tozinameran (Comirnaty) treat and mechanism of action? (2)

A
  • treats COVID-19
  • Induces immune response by producing spike protein of SARS-CoV-2
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10
Q

What does Elasomeran (Spikevax) treat and mechanism of action? (2)

A
  • treats COVID-19
  • induces immune response by producing spike protein of SARS-CoV-2
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11
Q

Nature of RNA (siRNA vs miRNA) (2)

A
  • siRNA – exogenous
  • miRNA – endogenous
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12
Q

Number of strands (siRNA vs miRNA) (2)

A
  • siRNA – double stranded
  • miRNA - single stranded
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13
Q

Occurrence (siRNA vs miRNA) (2)

A
  • siRNA – can be seen in lower animals and plants, not observed in mammals
  • miRNA – seen in all plants and animals
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14
Q

Structure (siRNA vs miRNA) (2)

A
  • siRNA – 21-23 nucleotide long RNA duplexes possessing dinucleotide 3’ overhang
  • miRNA – 19-25 nucleotide RNA hairpin forming duplex by associating with each other
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15
Q

Pairing (siRNA vs miRNA) (2)

A
  • siRNA – perfect pairing, highly specific having one mRNA target only
  • miRNA – imperfect pairing can inhibit the translation of many mRNA targets
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16
Q

Requirement of gene silencing (siRNA vs miRNA) (2)

A
  • siRNA – Ago2 protein (argonaute protein 2) required
  • miRNA – Ago protein only, not necessarily Ago2, any protein from argonaute family can participate
17
Q

Regulatory structures (siRNA vs miRNA) (2)

A
  • siRNA – regulates expression of varying genes
  • miRNA – regulates expression of genes that are alike or those genes having the same origin

AP0611 Guided Revision Questions (12 decks)

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