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Virology > RNA - Paramyxoviridae > Flashcards

RNA - Paramyxoviridae Flashcards

1
Q

Are paramyxo enveloped or non enveloped?

A

enveloped

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2
Q

What si the shape of the nucleocapsid?

A

herring bone shaped

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3
Q

What is the primary role of the spike proteins?

A

attachment to the host cell

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4
Q

Which viruses of paramyxo have hemagglutinin neuraminidase (HN)?

A

Rubulavirus, Avulvavirus, Respirovirus

R.A.R!!!!

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5
Q

The Morbillivirus has what type of attachment protein?

A

Hemagglutinin

NO NEUROAMINIDASE

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6
Q

Which virus has the G protein?

A

Henipavirus, Pneumovirus

HP is a G (gansta)!!!

NO HEMAGGLUTINATION

NO NEURAMINIDASE

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7
Q

T/F: paramyxoviridae viruses have fusion proteins

A

True

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8
Q

T/F: Paramyxo is pH dependent?

A

False it is NOT!

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9
Q

T/F: Cell to cell spread of virus plays an important role in persistent infection

A

True

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10
Q

Acidophilic cytoplasmic inclusions composed of ribonucleoprotein structures are characteristic of rhabdoviridae infections.

A

False. Paramyxoviridae

Also formation of syncytia

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11
Q

What do Morbilliviruses produce that is characteristic of them?

A

acidophilic intracellular inclusions

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12
Q

What is the etiology of bovine parainfluenza virus 3 respiratoy disease?

A

Respirovirus

bovine parainfluenza virus 3

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13
Q

Host of bovine parainfluenza?

A

cattle and sheep

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14
Q

how is bovine parainfluenza transmitted?

A

aerosol

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15
Q

what are the target cells for bovine parainfluenza?

A

epithelial cells of the respiratory tract?

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16
Q

Disease in cattle?

Potential role in initiating so-called shipping fever of cattle, or bovine respiratory disease complex.

With other viruses, or as sole pathogen, predisposes animals to secondary bacterial infection, especially Mannheimia haemolytica infection, resulting in severe bacterial bronchopneumonia.

A

Bovine parainfluenza virus-3 Respiratory Disease

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17
Q

how do you diagnoe bovine parainfluenza?

A

Virus identification in nasal discharges and respiratory tissues by FAT and ELISA.

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18
Q

Newcastle disease was first observed in which country?

A

Java, Indonesia

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19
Q

Is Newcastle disease reportable?

A

yes

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20
Q

What is the etiology of Newcastle disease?

A

avian paramyxovirus serotype 1

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21
Q

What do low virulent viruses of Avian paramyxovirus serotype-1 produce?

A

produce precursor F proteins that are cleaved only by a trypsin-like protease which have a restricted tissue distribution and are usually distributed extracellularly.

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22
Q

What do high virulent strains of avian paramyxovirus serotype - 1

A

they produce precursor F proteins that are cleaved intracellularly by proteases present in cells lining mucous membranes.

 The relative ease of intracellular cleavage allows virulent viruses to replicate in more cell types.

 As a result, widespread tissue injury, viremia and systemic disease.

23
Q

What are the 5 pathotypes of newcastle disease?

A

 Asymptomatic enteric (1)

 Lentogenic strains (2): Less Virulent strains

 vND (virulent Newcastle Disease):
 Mesogenic strains (3): Moderately virulent strains

 Velogenic pathotype strains:

Highly virulent strains a) Velogenic viscerotropic (4)
b) Velogenic neurotropic (5)

24
Q

What is Exotic Newcastle Disease

A

U.S. definition for velogenic viscerotropic strains of Newcastle

25
Q

Which birds are highly susceptible to newcastle disease

26
Q

Which birds are highly resistant to newcastle disease

A

canaries, finches

27
Q

what does newcastly disease cause in humans

A

conjunctivitis

28
Q

what is the major route of transmission of newcastle disease?

A

aerosols/dust particles and ingestion of conatminat feed and water

29
Q

T/F: Vertical transmission is most reported for lentogenic virus strains.

30
Q

Which type of newcastle disease?

 Respiratory signs with depression, watery greenish diarrhea, and swelling of

the tissues of the head and neck.

 Hemorrhages and ulcer-like lesions are seen in digestive tract.

 Mortality approaches 100% in all age groups

A

Viscerotropic velogenic ND

31
Q

which type of newcastle disease?

 Respiratory signs followed by nervous signs of tremors, paralyzed wings and

legs, twisted necks, circling, clonic spasms, and complete paralysis.

 CNS lesions are encephalomyelitis with neuronal necrosis.

 Hemorrhages are conspicuously absent from GI tract.

 Mortality approaches 100% in all age groups.

A

Neurotrophic velogenic ND

32
Q

which type of newcastle disease?

 Acute respiratory disease, reduced egg production and, uncommonly,

neurological signs.
 Mortality approaches 25% in young chickens, rare in adults.

A

mesogenic ND

33
Q

which type of newcastle disease?

Respiratory signs of gasping, coughing, sneezing, and rales predominate.

A

lentogenic ND

34
Q

How do you control newcastle disease?

A

quarantine and depopulation of infected farms

35
Q

how do you vaccinate newcastle disease?

A
  •  Live lentogenic vaccines, chiefly B1 and LaSota strains, are widely used and typically administered to poultry by mass application in drinking water or by spray.
  •  Healthy chicks are vaccinated as early as day 1–4 of life.
  •  Oil-adjuvanted inactivated vaccines are also used after live vaccine in breeders and layers.
  •  Fowlpox or turkey herpesvirus–vectored NDV vaccines are commercially available for chickens.
36
Q

which pathogen can lead to the kennel cough syndrome?

A

canine parainfluenza

37
Q

etiology of CPiV?

A

CPiV virus is antigenically related to the simian virus-5. Historically was referred to as CPiV-2. Now re-classified as CPiV-5

38
Q

transmission of CPiV?

A

aerolized microdroplets

39
Q

the CPiV causes destruction of what type of cells?

A

epithelial cells of the respiratory tract

40
Q

Which diseases are caused by morbillivirus?

A

rinderpest

canine distemper

peste des petits ruminants

41
Q

host of rinderpest

42
Q

how is rinderpest characterized?

A

The disease is characterized by the “the 3 D’s”:

Discharge, Diarrhea and Death.

43
Q

T/F:

Canine Distemper is based on differences in the hemagglutinin gene, at least 10 different lineages have been identified.

44
Q

T/F:

Certain isolates, such as Snyder Hill, A75/17, and R252 strains, of canine distemper are highly virulent and neurotropic.

45
Q

Host of canine distemper

A

 Domestic and wild dogs.
 Raccoon, Panda, Bears, Ferrets, Mink, etc.
 CNS infections in exotic felidae (Lions, Cheetahs, Jaguars, Ocelots, etc.)

46
Q

how is canine distemper transmitted?

A

inhalation of infected droplets

47
Q

T/F:  Transplacental infection can occur from viremic dams.

48
Q

Which of the following is incorrect?

The canine distemper virus replicates:
 Neutrophils
 T and B lymphocytes (Immunosuppression)
 Nervous tissue

Epithelial cells

A

Neutrophils

It is found in macrophages

49
Q

See Pathogenesis of Canine Distemper

A

know all the things

50
Q

See clinical signs for canine distemper

A

know all the things

51
Q

disease in canines?

Convulsions characterized by salivation and, often, chewing movements of the jaw (“chewing-gum fits”) are considered classic neurologic signs.

A

canine distemper

52
Q

disease in canines?

Hyperkeratosis of the nose and footpads is often found in dogs with neurologic manifestations.

A

canine distemper

53
Q

Remember what about MLV vaccines

A

 MLV vaccines should not be used in late-pregnant or early-lactation bitches.
 MLV vaccines can produce postvaccinal illness in some immunosuppressed dogs.

Virology (5 decks)

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