RNA and DNA

Question 1

Transcription

Answer 1

DNA -> RNA

Question 2

Translation

Answer 2

RNA -> protein

Question 3

Nucleotide

Answer 3

Basic unit of DNA structure

Question 4

Nucleotide composition

Answer 4

Sugar + phosphate group + nitrogenous base

Question 5

DNA Purines

Answer 5

Adenine and guanine

Question 6

DNA pyrimidines

Answer 6

Cytosine and thymine

Question 7

Topoisomerase function

Answer 7

Uncoils DNA strands

Question 8

DNA Helicase function

Answer 8

Breaks the hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases of each nucleotide

Question 9

Semiconservative replication meaning

Answer 9

Each new daughter helix contains an intact strand from parent, and a newly synthesized strand

Question 10

Okazaki fragments

Answer 10

short fragments that result from discontinuous synthesis

Question 11

Triplets

Answer 11

When DNA is transcribed into mRNA, it is arranged in triplets, or CODONS.

Question 12

How many amino acids can be formed from all possible combinations of the four nucleotides?

Answer 12

20

Question 13

RNA structure is the same as DNA, save for 3 exceptions

Answer 13

1. Ribose instead of deoxyribose
2. Uracil instead of thymine
3. It is single stranded

Question 14

mRNA carries what?

Answer 14

The complement of a DNA sequence

Question 15

In the complement that mRNA carries, is thymine or uracil in the sequence?

Answer 15

Uracil

Question 16

tRNA function

Answer 16

Assists in the translation of mRNA’s nucleotide code into a sequence of amino acids.

Question 17

Anticodon

Answer 17

Complementary of the mRNA codons

Question 18

rRNA

Answer 18

Structural component of ribosomes; most abundant of all RNA types