Genetics

Question 1

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

Answer 1

Molecular disease inability to produce enzyme for metabolism of phenylalanine

Question 2

Sickle-cell anemia

Answer 2

Defective hemoglobin

Question 3

Down syndrome

Answer 3

Trisomy of chromosome 21

Question 4

Nondisjunction

Answer 4

Failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during meiosis I or II

Question 5

Trisomy

Answer 5

Three copies of chromosome (nondisjunction

Question 6

Monosomy

Answer 6

One copy of chromosome

Question 7

Plasmid

Answer 7

Cytoplasmic DNA

Question 8

Episome

Answer 8

Plasmids capable of integrating into bacterial genome

Question 9

Bacterial DNA is synthesized in which direction

Answer 9

5’ to 3’

Question 10

Method by which bacteria reproduce

Answer 10

Binary fission

Question 11

Transformation

Answer 11

Bacterial plasmid is incorporated back into chromosome

Question 12

Hfr

Answer 12

High frequency of recombination

Question 13

Recombination

Answer 13

Breakage and rearrangement of adjacent regions of DNA

Question 14

Operon consists of

Answer 14

Structural genes, operator region, promoter region

Question 15

Promoter

Answer 15

Binding site for RNA polymerase

Question 16

Regulator

Answer 16

Codes for synthesis of repressive molecule that binds to operator and blocks RNA polymerase from transcribing structural genes

Question 17

Inducible systems

Answer 17

Require induced

Question 18

Corepressor

Answer 18

Inhibits transcription