rizal as a creole terms pt2

Question 1

his movement aimed to replace Spanish friars with Filipino clergy in the Catholic Church, promoting the idea of Filipinization and addressing the grievances of the local population against the dominance of Peninsular priests.

Answer 1

*Secularization

Question 2

As a canon of the Manila Cathedral, blank was a key figure in advocating for the secularization of the clergy, initiating the propaganda for Filipino representation in the church before his death in the 1863 earthquake.

Answer 2

Pedro Pelaez:

Question 3

A disciple of Pelaez, blank continued the fight for secularization and reform, becoming a prominent advocate for Filipino rights until his execution in 1872, which further galvanized the movement for independence among the Creole community.

Answer 3

Jose Burgos

Question 4

This term referred to the indigenous Filipino population, often used derogatorily by the Spanish to denote their perceived inferiority and to justify colonial rule.

Answer 4

Indios

Question 5

: Both terms were used to describe non-Christians, with “infieles” meaning “infidels” and “paganos” referring to “pagans,” reflecting the Spanish colonial mindset that viewed non-Catholic beliefs as inferior or barbaric.

Answer 5

Infieles and Paganos

Question 6

This term referred to Chinese immigrants, particularly those involved in trade, who were often marginalized and discriminated against by both the Spanish and the local population, facing restrictions on their rights and social status.

Answer 6

Sangley

Question 7

Impact of Jose Burgos’ Execution on the Movement for Independence

Answer 7

• Jose Burgos’ execution in 1872 served as a catalyst for the Philippine nationalist movement, igniting widespread outrage and resentment against Spanish colonial rule among Filipinos.
• His death symbolized the repression of Filipino aspirations for reform and equality, galvanizing the Creole class and inspiring future leaders, including Rizal, to advocate for independence.
• The execution also marked a turning point, leading to increased activism and the eventual rise of revolutionary sentiments that culminated in the Philippine Revolution against Spanish colonialism.

Question 8

This term refers to members of religious orders, such as the Franciscans, Dominicans, and Jesuits, who lived in communities under specific religious rules and were often involved in missionary work and education in the Philippines.

Answer 8

Regular

Question 9

refers to clergy who are not bound by religious orders and serve in parishes, focusing on the spiritual needs of the local population without the constraints of monastic life.

Answer 9

Secular

The tension between regular and secular clergy was significant in the Philippines, particularly regarding the control of parishes and the push for secularization, which aimed to empower Filipino secular priests and reduce the influence of Spanish regulars.

Question 10

was a significant ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church that addressed issues of church reform and clarified Catholic doctrine in response to the Protestant Reformation.

Answer 10

council of trent