Rivers

Question 1

Where a river begins

Answer 1

Source

Question 2

Wears away the land

Answer 2

Erosion

Question 3

A feature of the lower course

Answer 3

On bow lake

Question 4

A bend in the river

Answer 4

Meander

Question 5

Tidal part of the river

Answer 5

Estuary

Question 6

The feature of upper course river

Answer 6

Waterfall

Question 7

A body of water

Answer 7

Lake

Question 8

What is corrosion

Answer 8

Acid in water breaks up rock

Question 9

What is attrition

Answer 9

Rocks carried by the river collide and break into smaller pieces

Question 10

What is corrasion - abrasion

Answer 10

Material being carried by the river rubs against river bed and banks

Question 11

What is hydraulic action

Answer 11

The force of the water breaks away the river bed and banks

Question 12

What traction

Answer 12

Large boulders rolled along river bed

Question 13

What is saltation

Answer 13

Small rocks bounced along river bed

Question 14

What is suspension

Answer 14

Small particles like silt carried along river

Question 15

What is solution

Answer 15

Particles dissolved then carried by river

Question 16

What are formed due to erosion

Answer 16

Headlands and bays

Question 17

What are headlands and bays

Answer 17

Land sticks out = headland bay section between headlands

Question 18

How are the headland and bays formed

Answer 18

Alternating bands or resistant and non resistant rock .
Resistant rock wears away less = headland
Less resistant rock wears away easily - bay

Question 19

What is mechanical weathering

Answer 19

Break down onpf rock without changing chemical state of rock

Question 20

Example of mechanical weathering

Answer 20

Freeze thaw
Water gets into rock freezes expands and puts pressure on cracks
Melts and repeats
Constant pressure causes rock to breakdown

Question 21

What is chemical weathering

Answer 21

Breakdown of rock by changing its chemical state

Question 22

Example of chemical weathering

Answer 22

Rain water
Has carbon dioxide dissolved in it
Carbonic acids reacts with rock breaking it down

Question 23

What is the life cycle of a headland

Answer 23

Headland - cracks - cave - arch - stack - stump

Question 24

What is deposition

Answer 24

Material carried by sea is dropped on the coast

Question 25

How do constructive waves build up the coastline

Answer 25

Have low frequency so can easily drop material Good Swash but back Swash Drops material not powerful enough to take it back so leaves it there constructs the coastline

Question 26

How is a beach formed

Answer 26

Formed on coasts between high water mark and low water mark and by constructive waves. Dropping sand and shingle

Question 27

What is the difference between shingle and sand beaches

Answer 27

Sand - flat and wide have long slopes | Shingle - steep and narrow . Particles to heavy to be carried back down so create steep slope

Question 28

How is a spit formed

Answer 28

Sharp bends in coastline Longshore drift transports shingle past bend bend deposit it in sea String winds curve the spit Sheltered area behind it is protected allows plants to grow

Question 29

Hiw is a bar formed

Answer 29

Spit joins two headlands together Bar cuts off bay between headlands from sea Lagoon forms behind bar

Question 30

Where the river meets the sea

Answer 30

Mouth