Coasts

Question 1

What is an example of mechanical weathering

Answer 1

Freeze thaw -
Water gets in cracks of rocks
Freezes expanding rocks and putting pressure on it
Repetition of this cause the rock to break

Question 2

What is chemical weathering

Answer 2

Breakdown of rock by changing its chemical state

Question 3

What is an example of chemical weathering

Answer 3

Acid rain - carbon dioxide mixed in rain produces weak carbonic acid
Acid reacts with rocks like limestone and dissolves it

Question 4

What is hydraulic action

Answer 4

Waves crash against rock. Compressed air in cracks repeated compression causes rock to break down

Question 5

What is corrasion

Answer 5

Eroded particles in water scrape and rub against rock removing small pieces of it

Question 6

What Is attrition.

Answer 6

Eroded particles smash into each other creating smaller fragments

Question 7

What or corrosion

Answer 7

Weak carbonic acid I water corrodes away rocks

Question 8

What are features of a destructive wave

Answer 8

High frequency

Back wash is more powerful than Swash means materials are taken away

Question 9

What is mechanical weathering

Answer 9

Break down of rocks without changing its chemical state

Question 10

What are two main factors that affect size and power of destructive waves

Answer 10

Wind- strong wind creates powerful waves

Fetch - distance of water which wind has to blow to produce wave

Question 11

What does the rate of retreat depend on

Answer 11

Vegetation- if cliff covered in vegetation it is more stable so eroded less easily

Geology - cliff that have soft rock will erode more quickly

Question 12

What is a cove

Answer 12

A wide circular bay with a narrow entrance

Form where a band of hard rock along with a band of softer Rick behind it

Question 13

Hiw was luleorth cove created

Answer 13

A river cutting through the back of the rock started to erode it during the ice age.
Sea eroded through the thinner layers of hard rock through front
When sea hit soft layer it eroded more quickly forming cove
River dried up the back of cove no longer eroded. Cove sheltered harder to erode

Question 14

Where is lulworth cove

Answer 14

Near village of west lulworth on the Jurassic coast Dorset england

Question 15

What are the economic reasons for protecting the coastlines

Answer 15

Loss of tourism
Business at risk of collapsing
Damages agricultural land affecting farmers economy
Property prices fall if they are affected by flooding

Question 16

What are the social reasons for protecting coastlines

Answer 16

Deaths - thousands of people have already died
Water supplies affected flood water in sewage
Loss of housing - people lose their homes
Loss of jobs
Damage to infrastructure

Question 17

What are environmental reasons for protecting the coastline

Answer 17

Ecosystems affected by flooding can kill organism and their homes
Sites of special scientific research need to protect areas on coats to study

Question 18

What is the problem with Barton on sea

Answer 18

Cliff eroding by 1 metre a year
In 1900 cliff 100 metres wide now only 20!
Sea undercuts and heavy rainfall cause landslides
Large destructive waves produced

Question 19

What has been done to protect the cliff

Answer 19

In 1900 wooden Groynes revetments
Recently 4.5 million improving sea defences rock armour
Planted vegetation to stabilise cliff