Rivers

Question 1

In rivers, where does erosion take place?

Answer 1

The outside of the river

Question 2

In rivers, where does deposition take place?

Answer 2

The inside of the river

Question 3

What landforms form in the upper course of the river?

Answer 3

Water falls and plunge pools
V shaped valleys
Interlocking spurs

Question 4

What landforms form in the middle course of the river?

Answer 4

Meanders
Ox-bow lakes

Question 5

What landforms form in the lower course of the river?

Answer 5

Flood plains
Levees

Question 6

What is a drainage basin?

Answer 6

The area of land that the rivers water supplies come from.

Question 7

What is a watershed?

Answer 7

The boundaries of the drainage basin

Question 8

What are the soft engineering flood management schemes?

Answer 8

-Afforestation- plant trees to soak up rain water
-Flood plain zoning- planning the land usage around a river to minimise the damage to more valuable property and land.
-Flood warning and preparation
-River restoration- reverting a river that has changed artificially, back to its original course, including its original meanders and slowing down the river

Question 9

What are the hard engineering flood management schemes?

Answer 9

-Dams and reservoirs- control the amount of discharge flowing through the river
-River straightening and dredging- meanders engineered to be wider, straighter and deeper, allowing more water to flow at higher speed
-Embankments and artificial levees- artificially raised river banks, which allow more water to be contained in the river
-Flood relief channel- artificially made channel, flowing parallel to the river, designed as a back up channel for a river that frequently floods.