river landscapes Flashcards
where is the case study?
river teme in Tenbury
what hard engineering method was considered but rejected? why?
flood wall but was rejected because it cost £5 million
so what soft engineering method was chosen? how much did it cost?
air bricks, flood bags, cellar pumps, raised sockets, flood boards
£400,000
what are the effects of flooding in a named place?
mozambique in feb 2000 800 killed 250,000 with diarrhoea 20,000 cattle 275 million damage
how could predict and prevent flood damage?
flood alert text, flood plans for homes, know your warning signs, evacuation routes.
what are the definition of a drainage basin?
the area of land drained by a river
definition of a water shed?
high land which separates one river from the next
definition of a confluence?
where 2 rivers join
definition of a tributary?
small river joins a large one
what is mass movement of soil creep?
soil repeatedly freezes and thaws, overtime it melts and causes it to expand and contract, soil slowly moves downhill due to gravity
what is the mass movement slumping?
soil gets wet from the water - breaks from the land - soil gets heavier - soil slumps due to gravity causing a landslide
describe the river at the source?
narrow,shallow,slow
what is the river like at the mouth?
very wide, deep, fast
how do V shaped valleys form?
stones erode river bed and becomes deeper, weathering at top and rocks at top erode away
how is a oxbow lake formed?
meanders are eroded away, then finally erode through the neck, breaks off from river leaving a oxbow lake and a meander scar
what is alluvium?
sediment depositors by river - often in the flood plain
how are levees formed?
river floods and drops alluvium it’s been carrying on edge of river
what are 5 physical factors cause flooding?
- tres lose leaves
- clay soil
- steep slopes
- winter
- thin soil –> will infiltrate into soil faster - surface runoff will be faster - log time will be shorter
what are 3 human factors that cause flooding?
building a city
farming
deforestation- less interception so the rain falls straight into soil
what is a type of soft engineering method to stop flooding?
plant more trees - more interception
what is a mixture of soft and hard engineering method to stop flooding?
widen and deepening it
how many times has it flood in tenbury wells in 50 years?
what in 2007?
15 times
flooded 5.97m
