risk prevention, active and passive exercise

Question 1

importance of exercise

Answer 1

Exercise is the physical activity for:
• Coordinating the body
• Improving health
• Maintaining fitness
• Providing therapy for correcting a deformity
• Restoring the overall body to an optimal state of health

Question 2

Cardiovascular system and exercise

Answer 2

• Increased cardiac output
• Improved myocardial contraction
• Strengthening cardiac muscle
• Decreased resting heart rate
• Improved venous return

Question 3

respiratory system and exercise

Answer 3

• Increased respiratory rate and depth followed by quicker return to resting state
• Improved alveolar ventilation

Question 4

Metabolic system – Gastrointestinal and exercise

Answer 4

Increased metabolic rate
Increased triglyceride breakdown
Increased gastric motility
Increased production of heat

Question 5

Musculoskeletal system and exercise

Answer 5

Improved muscle tone and muscle tolerance to exercise
• Increased joint mobility
• Possible increase in muscle mass
• Reduced bone loss

Question 6

Psychosocial system and exercise

Answer 6

Improved tolerance to stress
Reports ‘feeling better’
Reports of decrease in illness e.g. colds and flu

Question 7

Activity tolerance and exercise

Answer 7

• Improved tolerance • Decreased fatigue

Question 8

active exercise includes

Answer 8

Active exercise uses isotonic – and isometric components
Benefits of active exercise:
-Promotes and maintains muscle tone
-Influences the size and strength of muscles, and prevents atrophy
-Stimulated circulation
-Increased oxygen uptake
-Aids in prevention of constipation
-Prevents degeneration of bone tissue
-Prevent postural deformities
-Promotes flow of urine into and from bladder
-Stimulates nervous system

Question 9

Isotonic Exercises

Answer 9

Involves the active contraction and relaxation of the muscles
• Walking • Swimming • Running • Biking

Question 10

Isometric Exercise

Answer 10

Muscle contraction with out shortening the muscle length • Builds muscle bulk eg: lifting weights

Question 11

Isokinetic Exercise

Answer 11

Muscle contraction • Shortening and relaxing at even speed – Eg: swimming

Question 12

passive vs active exercise

Answer 12

Passive Exercise:
Helps to prevent contractile deformities
Nurse initiated and nurse led: only the normal range of motion of any joint is used, the joint should be supported, slow movements, should not cause pain, keep muscle and joint warm
The aim is to prevent muscle contracture or the tightening and shortening of the muscle causing joint stiffness

Active Exercise:
Patients are able to make movements by themselves